重庆市草地资源分布现状及类型特征

为掌握重庆市草地资源最新分布现状及类型特征，本试验于2017—2018年以重庆市32个区县和万盛经开区为研究区域，对重庆市草地资源展开清查。本研究根据重庆市20世纪80年代草地资源调查成果、第二次国土调查成果、地理国情调查成果和中高分辨率的遥感影像等，利用ArcGIS10.2软件制作外业调查底图，开展外业调查获得地面调查数据，进而掌握重庆市最新的草地资源面积、分布及草地类型。结果表明：重庆市共有206 653个草地资源图斑，总面积合计约3.35×10⁵ hm²，主要分布于酉阳土家族苗族自治县、云阳县和彭水苗族土家族自治县等8个区县，占草地总面积的64.2%。草地资源有4类，即：热性灌草丛类、暖性灌草丛类、山地草甸类和低地草甸类，其面积占草地资源总面积的比例依次为：72.80%，20.62%，6.23%和0.36%。草地型有40个，其中热性灌草丛类有15个草地型，暖性灌草丛类有10个草地型，山地草甸类有13个草地型，低地草甸类有2个草地型。本研究为推进重庆市生态文明建设、制定保护和利用草地资源决策提供最新的信息。

Distribution and Type Characteristics of Grassland resources in Chongqing

In order to grasp the latest distribution and type characteristics of grassland resources in Chongqing,in this research,inventory of grassland resources was carried out in 2017—2018 in 32 districts and counties and Wansheng Jingkai District of Chongqing. This study analyzed the data of the grassland resources survey in 1980s,the second land survey,and the geographical conditions survey,as well as medium and high resolution remote sensing image of Chongqing,etc.,the ArcGIS10.2 software was applied to make the field inventory map,the field survey was carried out to obtain the ground survey data,and then the area,distribution and grassland types of the latest grassland resources in Chongqing were mastered. The results showed that there were 206 653 grassland resource polygons in Chongqing with a total area of 3.35×10⁵ hm²,which mainly distributed in Youyang Tujia&Miao Autonomous County,Yunyang County,Pengshui Miao&Tujia Autonomous County and other 8 districts and counties,accounting for 64.2% of the total grassland area. Grassland resources were divided into four categories:Tropical shrub tussock class,Warm shrub grassland class,Mountain meadow and Lowland meadow,and the proportion of their area in the total area of grassland resources were 72.80%,20.62%,6.23%,0.36%. There were 40 types of grassland resources in total,of which 15 grassland types were in the Tropical shrub tussock class,10 grassland types were in the Warm shrub grassland class,13 grassland types were in the Mountain meadow and 2 grassland types were in the Lowland meadow. This study provides the latest information to promote the construction of ecological civilization and help making decisions on the protection and utilization of grassland resources of Chongqing.