河南地区21个粮饲兼用型青贮玉米品种综合评价

为筛选适合河南地区的粮饲兼用型玉米（Zea mays L.）品种，对21个玉米品种的生物学产量、籽粒产量、抗倒伏等农艺性状和营养品质进行比较，并利用灰色系统理论进行综合评价。结果表明，‘大京九26’、‘华牧3号’、‘先玉1366’、‘伟科601’、‘大丰30’在产量方面表现较好，其中‘华牧3号’干物质产量达到了21.34 t·hm^-2。但是‘大京九26’平均黄叶数达到4.70，绿叶数只有7.51，持绿性差，‘华牧3号’倒伏现象严重，不适合作为粮饲兼用型玉米品种推广。‘伟科601’和‘大京九26’有着最高的淀粉含量（>35.5%）以及最低的中性洗涤纤维含量（<48%）和酸性洗涤纤维含量（<27%），属于营养品质较佳品种。应用灰色系统理论对21个玉米品种进行了综合比较发现，‘伟科601’、‘大丰30’、‘先玉1366’与理想组合较为相似，适合作为粮饲兼用型玉米品种在河南地区推广种植。

Comprehensive Evaluation of 21 Corn Silage Varieties with both Grain and Forage in Henan Province

This research aimed to select corn (Zea mays L.) varieties suitable silage for planting in Henan province. Total herbage dry matter yield, grain yield, quality, and lodging resistance were recorded, and relationships among agronomic characters of 21 maize varieties were compared, and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the Grey Model theory. The results showed that ‘Dajingjiu 26’, ‘Huamu 3’, ‘Xianyu 1366’, ‘ Weike 601’, ‘Dafeng 30’ had better comprehensive performance in terms of yield. The dry matter yield of ‘Huamu 3’ reached 21.34 t·hm^-2.‘Dajingjiu 26’ had more yellow leaves, poor green retention, and ‘Huamu 3’ had serious lodging, so they were not suitable for popularizing corn varieties used for both grain and forage, ‘Weike 601’ and ‘Dajingjiu 26’ had the highest starch content(>35.5%) and the lowest neutral detergent fiber content and acid detergent fiber content, so they belong to the varieties with better nutritional quality (ADF<48%, NDF<27%). According to the comprehensive comparison of 21 corn varieties by using the Grey Model, ‘Weike 601’, ‘Dafeng 30’ and ‘Xianyu 1366’ are the most ideal varieties, which are suitable to be popularized and planted as grain and silage corn varieties in Henan area.