差不嘎蒿茎叶解剖特征及其与气候因子的关系

差不嘎蒿（Artemisia halodendron）是我国东北部重要的防风固沙植物，本研究利用石蜡切片法观察内蒙古不同地区差不嘎蒿的叶片和茎解剖结构，运用方差分析方法比较不同地区差不嘎蒿解剖结构间的差异性，以逐步回归得出影响解剖数量特征的主导气候因子。结果表明：差不嘎蒿叶为等面叶，表皮细胞为1层，栅栏组织呈环栅型，排列紧密，维管束发达；茎表皮细胞为1层，外韧无限维管束，环状排列，髓发达；来自于北部的呼伦贝尔沙地的差不嘎蒿叶上表皮角质层和茎皮层厚度显著高于科尔沁沙地，髓直径和茎导管直径也有类似趋势；差不嘎蒿栅栏组织厚度、茎筛管直径随生长季降水的减少而增加，叶上表皮角质层、髓直径、茎导管直径随有效温度的减少而增加，表现出对水分和温度的适应性变化。研究结果为本种在不同气候条件下的生态适应性研究提供基础资料。

Leaf and Stem Anatomical Structures of Artemisia halodendron and Their Relationship to Climatic Factors

Artemisia halodendron is an important wind-breaking and sand-fixing plant in northeast China. In our study,the anatomical structures of the leaves and stems of A.halodendron were observed by the paraffin section technique in different regions of Inner Mongolia. Based on the measurements,using ANOVA to compare the differences among different regions,the dominant climatic factors affecting anatomical quantitative characteristics were obtained by stepwise regression. The results showed that:1) Anatomical structures characteristics of A.halodendron are as follows:isolateral leaf;one layer epidermal cells;ring-shaped palisade tissue,arranged closely;developed vascular bundle, One layer stem epidermal cells;outer tough infinite vascular bundle,annular arrangement;developed pith. 2)The thickness of upper epidermal cuticle and stem cortex of A.halodendron from the northern Hulunbeier sandy land was significantly higher than that from the Horqin sandy land and the diameter of pith and stem cortical had similar trends. 3)The thickness of palisade tissue and the diameter of stem sieve tube increased with the decrease of precipitation in growing season,and the upper epidermal cuticle,pith diameter and stem vessel diameter increased with the decrease of effective temperature,showing the adaptability to water and temperature. The results provided basic data for the ecological adaptability research of A.halodendron population under different climatic conditions.