AM真菌对植物挥发性物质影响的研究现状与展望

植物挥发性物质在植物与植物及植物与昆虫之间的化学通讯中起着重要作用。由丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM）真菌与维管束植物形成的共生体，是自然界中最为广泛的植物-微生物共生体。AM真菌不仅可影响植物养分吸收、生长，调节植物抗逆相关酶和信号物质，同时可通过菌丝桥在不同植物间进行养分、信息交换，促进植物挥发性物质的转化和排放，影响植物对病、虫等生物逆境的响应。本文基于CNKI和Web of Science两个数据库，查阅了1981年1月至2019年12月来AM真菌对植物挥发性有机化合物（biogenic volatile organic compounds，BVOCs）、氧化亚氮（N₂O）、二氧化碳（CO₂）、甲烷（CH₄）等4类挥发性物质影响的研究进展，归纳分析了AM真菌对植物挥发性物质的影响及机理，并对该领域的研究进行了展望。

Research Status and Prospect on The Effects of AM Fungi on Volatile Substances in Plants

Plant volatiles play an important role in chemical communication not only between plants but also between plants and insects. The symbiont formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and vascular plants is the most extensive plant microbial symbiont in nature. AM fungi can not only affect plant nutrient absorption and growth,regulate plant stress-resistant enzymes and signal substances,but also exchange nutrients and information among different plants through common mycelium network,promote the transformation and emission of plant volatile substances,and affect the response of plants to adversity of diseases,insects and other organisms. Based on CNKI and Web of Science,the present study reviewed the research progress on the influences of AM fungi on biogenic volatile organic compounds (biogenic volatile organic compounds,BVOCs),nitrous oxide (N₂O),carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) in plants from January 1981 to December 2019. The effect and mechanism of AM fungi on plant volatile substances content and release were summarized and analyzed. The research in this field is prospected.