不同诱变处理对芒多倍体诱导效果的研究

以芒（Miscanthus sinensis）种子为外植体诱导出愈伤组织，对愈伤进行处理，探讨秋水仙素、诺考达唑、安磺灵3种不同诱变剂在相应条件下对芒多倍体诱导的作用效果。通过流式细胞仪进行DNA含量测定、染色体制片技术进行染色体数目鉴定和比较四倍体与二倍体叶片中气孔保卫细胞大小和密度等手段检测再生植株的倍性。结果表明：在对芒的愈伤进行处理时，最佳组合为安磺灵浓度10 μmol·L^-1，温度5℃，1.02 mmol·L^-1的Ca²⁺浓度，处理15 min，其诱导率为35.19%。诱变剂对材料的毒害作用表现为秋水仙素毒害作用最大；诺考达唑和安磺灵对材料的毒害作用次之，且二者无显著差别。

Effects of Different Mutagenic Treatments on the Polyploid Induction of Miscanthus sinensis

Miscanthus Anderss is a new kind of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of biofuels. In order to improve the biomass production and resistance, the polyploid induction of Miscanthus have been widely researching all over the world.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different treatments on the polyploid intrduction of Miscanthus Anderss. The DNA content of plant leaves is measured by flow cytometry instrument, the chromosome of roots is identified using chromosome technique, and the stomatal guard cells are compared between tetraploid and diploid. The results show that soaking callus in 10 μmol·L^-1 oryzalin solution with 1.02 mmol·L^-1 Ca²⁺ for 15 minute at 5℃ (35.19%) is the best method for polyploidy induction. The colchicine has higher toxicity than the others, and there is no significant difference between oryzalin and nocodazole.