不同管理措施对青海湖流域高寒草地土壤养分的影响

本文通过野外采样及室内分析比较了围栏封育(FE)、传统放牧(TG)和草灌结合(CGB)3种管理措施对青海湖流域高寒草地不同土层深度土壤养分的影响。结果表明：土壤有机质、速效氮磷和硝态氮含量在不同管理措施下均随土层深度的增加而降低(P<0.05)；FE有机质含量均显著高于CGB和TG (P<0.05)；不同管理措施对土壤全量养分含量影响较小，主要对0~10 cm土层全氮含量产生影响，该层中FE全氮含量显著高于CGB和TG；不同管理措施对土壤速效养分含量的影响较大，主要体现在0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层，均表现为FE土壤速效养分含量最高(P < 0.05)。综上，围栏封育更有利于青海湖流域土壤养分的固持和青海湖流域退化高寒草地的恢复。

Effects of Different Managements on Soil Nutrients in Alpine Grassland in The Qinghai Lake Basin

This study compared the effects of fence enclosure,traditional grazing,and a combination of grass and bush on soil nutrients in different soil depths in alpine grassland in the Qinghai Lake Basin through field sampling and indoor analysis. The results showed that:soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and nitric nitrogen decreased with the increase of soil depth under different managements (P < 0.05);The soil organic matter in different soil depths under fence enclosure was significantly higher than that under the combination of grass and bush and traditional grazing (P < 0.05);Different managements had less effect on soil total nutrients,and mainly affected nitric nitrogen in 0~10 cm soil layer,which showed that the content in fence enclosure was significantly higher than that in the combination of grass and bush and traditional grazing (P < 0.05);Different managements had more effect on soil available nutrients,mainly in 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layer and the content was the highest under fence enclosure. To sum up,fence enclosure is beneficial to the stability of soil nutrients and the restoration of alpine grassland in the Qinghai Lake Basin.