种子补播恢复退化草地研究进展

过度放牧利用使草地多处于不同退化演替阶段,即当前对草地的利用基本都是在退化草地上进行,草地退化同时也是生物多样性保护和生态功能弱化的关键阶段。极度退化阶段草地失去生态和生产价值,需要建植人工草地。在草地退化到极度退化阶段之前,借助草地自身恢复力进行有效恢复是实现快速恢复的最好时机。过度放牧导致的种子匮乏是草地退化的主要原因之一,种子补播是一种经济有效简单易行的恢复措施,由于草地所处自然环境、植被类型和退化程度的不同,其所需补播物种及补播措施也存在很大差异。本文着重对种子补播恢复退化草地的物种选择、补播时间、补播方式、补播对生态系统的影响等进行了介绍,提出了种子补播应注意的问题,对当前补播恢复退化草地的研究进行了反思和展望,期望能为种子补播恢复退化草地提供借鉴。

Research Progresses on Seed Reseeding to Recover the Degraded Grassland

Most of the grassland at different degraded stages were caused by overgrazing,which means that nearly all the utilization of grassland is basically carried out on degraded grassland.At the same time,the degraded grassland is also at a critical stage of biodiversity conservation and ecological function weakening.Grassland in seriously degraded stage will lose its ecological and production value,so it is necessary to establish artificial grassland.It's the best opportunity to quickly recover degraded grassland by self-resilience before it degraded to the seriously degraded stage.However,the lack of seed caused by overgrazing is one of the main reason that resulted in grassland degradation.Reseeding is a simple and effective way to recover degraded grassland,but the reseeding species and measures varied greatly with the difference of the natural environments,community types and degraded stages.Here,we introduced the selection of reseeding species,reseeding time,reseeding measures and the effects of reseeding on the ecosystem in the process of reseeding to recover a degraded grassland.We proposed the suggestions that it should be paid attention to reseeding,reflection and prospect on the present research of reseeding to recover degraded grassland.We hope tO be able to provide a reference for seed reseeding to recover the degraded grassland.