混播对青贮玉米产量和品质的影响

黑龙江省北部地区气候寒冷,适宜作物生长的时间短,目前绝大多数青贮玉米(Zea mays L.)品种在此种植均表现为籽实成熟差(或无籽实)和水分含量过大,严重影响青贮饲料品质。该地区也种植个别极早熟籽实玉米品种,但植株矮小,地上生物产量低。把不同生育期玉米品种混播混收,不但可以获得较高的生物产量,还可以收获较多的玉米籽实产量,增加碳水化合物含量,从而促进乳酸发酵,改善青贮饲料品质。通过对3个不同生育期的玉米品种进行间行混播混收和同行混播混收试验,探讨了混播对不同品种玉米生育阶段、主要农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响,结果表明:混播对于各品种玉米生育阶段和主要农艺性状影响不显著;混播显著提高干物质产量和饲用品质;应用Milk2000指数进行品质和产量综合评价,结果为:间行混播>同行混播>海玉8号>中原单32>东青1号。

Effects of Mixed Planting on Yield and Feed Value of Silage Corn

Because of the cold climate and short frost-free growing season in the north region of Heilongjiang province,most silage corn varieties show a low maturing degree(without corn ear) and high water content which impact the feed value of corn silage.Although few early-maturing corn varieties have been planted in that region,they performed with small plant and low biomass.Mixed planting of corn varieties with different phenophases is believed to increase not only the fresh yield but also the kernel production and water-soluble carbohydrate,and furthermore improve the lactic acid fermentation and the silage quality.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intercropping and mixture planting of 3 corn varieties on the phenophase,agronomic traits,yield,and feed value of silage corn.The results indicate that the mixed planting had no significant effect on phenophase and main agronomic traits and intercropping and mixture planting increased total dry matter yield and feed value.The sequence of quality and yield of 5 planting methods evaluated comprehensively by Milk2006 index was as follows: intercropping > mixture planting > Zea mays L.cv.Haiyu No.8 > Zea mays L.cv.Zhongyuandan No.32 > Zea mays L.cv.Dongqing No.1.