新疆乌鲁木齐市复合绿地耗水特性研究

为了探明乌鲁木齐市典型的"草坪+白榆（Ulmus pumila L.）"复合绿地的耗水特性，在乌鲁木齐市红山公园，进行了定周期、变定额的灌溉试验，结果表明：在观测时段内复合绿地中草坪及榆树的日均耗水量均随灌水定额的增大而增大，且随生育期的推进整体呈现出先增大后减小的单峰曲线变化。各处理复合绿地主要生育期累积耗水量在668.5~996.4 mm之间变化，也随着灌水定额的增加而增大；复合绿地中草坪与榆树的耗水量之比在1：1~1：1.2之间变化，该比例随灌水定额的增大先增大后减小；各处理5-9月复合绿地的作物系数介于0.72~1.52之间，各处理主要生育期的作物系数均值随灌水定额的增加而增大；综合复合绿地的耗水及草坪生长情况，在降雨频率为75%的枯水年，乌鲁木齐市与试验区类似且养护水平相近的复合绿地较为适宜的喷灌灌水定额为36 mm，灌水周期为5~7 d。

Study on Water Consumption Characteristics of Compound Green Space in Urumqi Xinjiang

In order to ascertain water consumption characteristics of typical compound green space (CGP) which composed of turf and white elm in Urumqi city. Field irrigation experiment with fixed irrigation frequency and changed irrigation quota was carried out in Hongshan Park Urumqi. The results showed that average daily water consumption (ADWC) of lawn and white elm in CGP increased with the increase of irrigation quota,and showed the same trend of single peak curve (increased first and then decreased with the development of growth period). Cumulative water consumption of CGP in each treatment varied between 668.5~996.4 mm,which increased with the increase of irrigation quota. The ratio of water consumption between lawn and elm in CGP varied from 1:1 to 1:1.2,which increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota. The crop coefficient of CGP in each treatment during May to September varied between 0.72 and 1.52,and the average value of crop coefficient in each treatment during main growth period increased with the increase of irrigation quota. Considering the water consumption and growth of CGP,in the dry year with 75% rainfall frequency,the suitable irrigation quota of similar CGP with similar maintenance level is 36 mm,and the irrigation period is 5~7 days in Urumqi city.