不同丛枝菌根真菌对苜蓿生长的影响

利用盆栽试验接种5种不同的AM真菌即地表球囊霉(Glomus versiforme,简称GV)、单孢球囊霉(Glomus monosporum,简称GM)、根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices,简称GI)、光壁无梗囊霉(Acaulospora laevis,简称AL)和无梗囊霉(Acaulospora,简称PJ-1)及未接种处理(CK),比较了不同AM菌剂处理下对苜蓿菌根侵染率、总生物量、地上生物量、地下生物量、株高等生长指标和光合作用生理指标的影响。结果表明:5种菌剂均能与苜蓿根系形成菌根,GV、GM对苜蓿根侵染率最高,分别为53.7%、50.2%;5种AM真菌对苜蓿生长、光合作用均具有促进作用,各处理间差异显著。其中,GM和GV对苜蓿株高、地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量、光合作用具有显著的促进作用,与对照相比GV提高了苜蓿株高14.35%;GM对苜蓿地上、地下和总生物量分别增加了45.4%,40.2%和43.1%;GM、GV可显著增大气孔导度、减小胞间CO_2浓度,较CK显著提高植株叶片净光合速率159.6%、163.4%。不同的AM真菌对同一宿主的促生效应不尽相同,GV、GM对苜蓿植株的促进效应最为显著,具有开发为苜蓿菌根菌剂的潜力。

Effect of different arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi on the growth of Medicago sativa

Five arbuscularmycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus versiforme,G.monosporum,G.intraradices,Acaulospora laevis and Acaulospora) were used to inoculate the pot alfalfa in order to study their effects on rate of colonization,shoot biomass,root biomass,height and photosynthesis of alfalfa.The results showed that alfalfa could be colonized by 5 AM fungi and form mycorrhiza,in which,the colonization percentages with GV,GM were 53.7％,50.2％.All tested fungi could promote the growth and photosynthesis of alfalfa and the difference among treatments was significant.G.versiforme and G.monosporum promoted the root biomass,shoot biomass and photosynthesis.Compared with control,GV increased the height of alfalfa by 14.35％;GM increased the shoot biomass,root biomass and total biomass by 45.4 ％,40.2 ％ and 43.1％;GM,GV enlarged stomatal conductance and reduced intercellular CO2 concentration significantly,increased net photosynthesis rate by 159.6 ％,163.4 ％.However,the other AM fungi did not promote the growth of alfalfa.Different AM fungi showed varied promotion effects on alfalfa growth.The promising AM fungi were G.versiforrne and G.monosporum.