黄粉虫、小麦胚芽对初产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和抗氧化机能的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加黄粉虫、小麦胚芽对初产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄和血清抗氧化指标的影响。选用20周龄产蛋率基本一致且健康的京红蛋鸡560只,随机分为7组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡;采用双因子试验设计,3个黄粉虫水平(0.5%、1.0%、2.0%)×2个小麦胚芽水平(1%、2%)。试验期为8周,其中预试期1周,正试期7周。结果显示:①黄粉虫和小麦胚芽对初产蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋黄颜色以及血清和蛋黄总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。②在饲粮中添加黄粉虫对产蛋率、日采食量和料蛋比没有产生影响(P>0.05);对蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋壳厚度、哈氏单位和蛋黄颜色无影响(P>0.05),但能显著提高蛋壳强度(P<0.05);显著提高血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、降低血清和蛋黄MDA含量(P<0.05),对蛋黄和血清的谷胱甘肽过氧物酶(GSH-Px)活力、T-AOC活力无显著影响(P>0.05)。③在饲粮中添加小麦胚芽对生产性能、蛋品质以及血清和蛋黄的抗氧化指标均无影响(P>0.05)。综合分析,黄粉虫和小麦胚芽协同提高初产蛋鸡的蛋品质和抗氧化能力,其中以同时添加2.0%黄粉虫和1.0%小麦胚芽的效果较好。

Effects of Tenebrio molitor and Wheat Germ on Laying Performance,Egg Quality and Antioxidant Function of Hens at the Early Cycle

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary different levels of Tenebrio motitor and wheat germ on laying performance,egg quality and antioxidant function of hens at the early cycle.A total of 560 Jinghong laying hens at 20 weeks of age were randomly divided into 7 groups,with 4 replicates per group and 20 hens per replicate.A 3×2 two-factor test design involved in three tenebrio motitor levels(0.5%,1.0%and 2.0%)and two wheat germ levels(1.0%,2.0%).The study lasted for 8 weeks including 1-week adaptation and 7-week main experimental period.The results showed as follows:①The interaction between tenebrio molitor and wheat germ could significantly improve the shell thickness,yolk color,total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)activity of serum and yolk,and reduced the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in yolk and serum(P<0.05).②dietary tenebrio motitor had no significant effects on the laying rate,daily feed intake and feed-to-egg ratio(P>0.05);Dietary tenebrio motitor had no effect on egg weight,yolk weight,shell thickness,Haugh unit and yolk color(P>0.05),however,significantly improve the eggshell strength(P<0.05).Dietary tenebrio motitor significantly increased serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and reduced the content of MDA in yolk and serum(P<0.05).However,the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and T-AOC in egg yolk and serum were not significantly affected(P<0.05).③The addition of wheat germ to the diet had no effect on the laying performance,egg quality,the antioxidant indexes of serum and yolk(P>0.05).Comprehensive analysis showed that the interaction between tenebrio molitor and wheat germ had synergistic effect on the egg quality and antioxidant index of primiparous hens,and the efficacy of dietary 2.0%tenebrio molitor and 1.0%wheat germ was better.