金雀花碱的生物活性研究进展

金雀花碱(Cytisine,Cyt)是一种主要存在于豆科毒豆属植物种子中的喹诺里西啶生物碱。近年来金雀花碱的多种生物活性被逐渐发掘,其具有戒烟、促呼吸、镇痛、抗肿瘤等功效。在抗癌活性方面能够诱导癌细胞凋亡,已被广泛应用于抑制多种肿瘤细胞的增殖;在戒烟方面能够作为选择性局部激动剂,降低吸烟者对尼古丁的依赖,有望广泛应用于戒烟;在镇痛方面能够反射性的兴奋呼吸,已被广泛应用于临床手术对患者的麻醉作用。本文通过对大量文献的查阅及验证,将对金雀花碱的生物活性及其相关作用机制进行总结,以期为金雀花碱的开发和利用提供理论基础。

Advances in Research on Biological Activity of Cytisine

Cytisine(Cyt)is a quinolizidine alkaloid mainly found in the seeds of the leguminous genus.In recent years,a variety of biological activities of cytisine have been gradually discovered,and it is known to have the effects of quitting smoking,promoting breathing,analgesia,and anti-tumor.It can induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells in liver cancer in terms of anticancer activity,and has been widely used to inhibit the proliferation of various tumor cells;it can be used as a selective local agonist in smoking cessation,reducing the dependence of smokers on nicotine,and is expected to be widely used in smoking cessation;reflective excitatory breathing in terms of analgesia has been widely used in clinical anesthesia for patients.Through reviewing and verifying a large number of literatures,this paper summarizes the biological activity of cytisine and its related mechanism of action,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of cytisine.