家兔骨骼标本制作过程中漂白和粘接效果的研究

家兔骨骼标本制作过程中,漂白和粘接是非常重要的两个环节,直接影响标本质量、美观。为了找到一种良好的家兔骨骼标本漂白和粘接工艺,将脱脂处理后的8只家兔骨骼随机分成4组,分别放入5%、15%、25%和30%的过氧化氢溶液进行梯度漂白,选取最佳效果。将漂白处理后的家兔骨骼,随机分成甲、乙、丙、丁4组,将其关节按不活动关节、半活动关节、活动关节作为试验对象,分别使用骨胶黏合剂、AB胶、502胶水和热熔胶进行粘接对比。结果表明：①不同部位的骨骼所需的过氧化氢浓度和作用时间均有所差异。头骨在30%过氧化氢中漂白1.5 h;颈椎、腰椎和胸骨在25%过氧化氢中漂白1.5 h;肋骨、肱骨和肩胛骨在15%过氧化氢中漂白1.5 h;掌骨、尾椎和指骨等部位骨骼在5%过氧化氢中漂白2 h效果最佳。②骨胶黏合剂起效快,粘接紧密,强度高,定型效果好。上述试验可减少标本制作过程中对家兔骨骼的损坏,最大限度地保持其原貌,使标本更加生动、逼真。

Observation on Bleaching and Cementing Effect in Preparation of Rabbit Bone Specimens

In the process of rabbit bone specimens preparation, bleaching and cementing are very important steps which directly affect the overall quality and appearance of the specimens. In order to find out satisfied bleaching and cementing process for rabbit bone specimens, a total of 8 degreased rabbit bone samples were randomly divided into 4 groups and bleached with 5%, 15%, 25% and 30% hydrogen peroxide solutions, respectively. After bleaching, the rabbit bone samples were randomly divided into four groups of A, B, C and D. Using unmovable joints, semi-movable joints and movable joints as experimental subjects, the cementing effect of four adhesives, including bone glue adhesive, AB glue, 502 glue and hot melt adhesive, were observed and compared. The results showed that the hydrogen peroxide concentrations and treatment times required for bones in varied parts were different: skull was bleached in 30% hydrogen peroxide for 1.5 h, cervical vertebra, lumbar vertebra and sternum were bleached in 25% hydrogen peroxide for 1.5 h; costal bone, humerus and scapula were bleached in 15% hydrogen peroxide for 1.5 h; metacarpal bone, coccygeal vertebra and phalanx and some other bones were bleached in 5% hydrogen peroxide for 2 h. Furthermore, bone glue adhesive had quick effect, tight bonding, high strength, and good shaping effect. The bleaching and cementing process determined in this study can effectively reduce the damage to the rabbit bones during the specimens preparation, keep the original appearance of the bones to the greatest extent, and make the specimens more vivid.