淫羊藿提取物对靶动物红螯螯虾的安全性评价研究

目的明确淫羊藿提取物对红螯螯虾生长性能的影响并对其安全性进行评价。方法将150尾健康红螯螯虾随机分为5组：空白对照组, 淫羊藿提取物临床推荐剂量1倍、3倍、5倍和10倍给药组。4个不同剂量给药组饲料中分别添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%、1.0%淫羊藿提取物, 每组设3个平行, 每个平行10尾, 分箱饲养。混饲给药7 d, 观察临床症状, 测定红螯螯虾形态学参数、血液生理生化指标以及肝胰腺指数。结果与空白对照组比较, 淫羊藿提取物在临床推荐剂量10倍范围内, 对红螯螯虾增重率、特定生长率、肥满度均无显著（P>0.05）影响;1倍和3倍临床推荐剂量的淫羊藿提取物能极显著（P<0.01）提高红螯螯虾血细胞总数, 极显著（P<0.01）降低血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性, 极显著（P<0.01）提高总蛋白（TP）水平;1 倍临床推荐剂量的淫羊藿提取物能显著（P<0.05）降低大颗粒细胞比例。各剂量给药组红螯螯虾血清TG、BUN、T-CHO水平以及肝胰腺指数与空白对照组比较均无显著（P>0.05）差异, 肝胰腺组织学结构均正常。结论淫羊藿提取物在临床推荐剂量的3倍量范围内连续给药7 d, 对靶动物红螯螯虾是安全的。

Safety Assessment of Extracts from Epimedium brevicornu on Target Animal Red Claw Crayfish（Cherax quadricarinatus）

Objective] To assess the effect of extracts from Epimedium brevicornu on growth performance of red claw crayfish （Cherax quadricarinatus）, and to evaluate the clinical safety of the extracts on target animal red claw crayfish.Method] A total of 150 healthy red claw crayfishes were randomly assigned into 5 groups control group, recommended dose group, 3 times recommended dose group, 5 times recommended dose group, and 10 times recommended dose group. The basal diet of the 4 treatment groups was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1.0% extracts from Epimedium brevicornu, respectively. There were three parallel treatments for each group and 10 red claw crayfishes in each parallel treatment. The experimental red claw crayfishes were fed in separate boxes. After a 7-day-long administration of the extracts by mixed feeding method, the clinical symptoms, morphological parameters, blood physiological and biochemical indicators, and hepatopancreatic index were observed and measured. Result] Compared to the control group, the extracts from Epimedium brevicornu had no significant （P>0.05） effects on weight gain rate, specific growth rate and condition factor of the red claw crayfish within the range of 10 times clinical recommended dose; the recommended dose and 3 times recommended dose of the extracts extremely significantly （P<0.01） elevated the total hemocyte counts and the serum TP level, and extremely significantly （P<0.01） reduced the ALT activity; the recommended dose of the extracts significantly （P<0.05） decreased the large-granule cell ratio. There were no significant （P>0.05） differences in serum TG, BUN and T-CHO levels and hepatopancreatic index between the treatment groups and the control group, and the histological structure of the hepatopancreas of the red claw crayfish in the treatment groups was normal. Conclusion] Feeding the diet supplemented with extracts from Epimedium brevicornu within 3 times recommended dose for consecutive 7 days was safe for red claw crayfish.