7味蒙药对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌试验研究

为筛选出对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus,S. aureus）和大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli,E. coli）具有良好抑菌作用的蒙药,试验采用打孔法测定S. aureus和E. coli对石榴皮、诃子、小白蒿、黄芩、黄芪、苦参、铁线莲7味蒙药敏感程度,微量稀释法测定蒙药的最小抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC）,棋盘法测定敏感蒙药对S. aureus和E. coli的协同指数（fractional inhibitory concentration index,FICI）。结果显示：石榴皮、诃子、黄芩3味蒙药对S. aureus的抑菌圈直径为23.30~32.60 mm,MIC为0.98~7.80 mg/mL;石榴皮、诃子、黄芩3味蒙药对E. coli的抑菌圈直径为5.20~12.50 mm,MIC为7.80~31.50 mg/mL;石榴皮与诃子联合用药对S. aureus的FICI为1.00,为相加作用;诃子与黄芩、石榴皮分别联合用药对E. coli的FICI都为0.75,为相加作用。综上所述,石榴皮、诃子、黄芩3味蒙药对S. aureus综合抑菌效果达极度敏感或高度敏感;石榴皮、诃子、黄芩3味蒙药对E. coli综合抑菌效果达极度敏感或高度敏感;在抑制S. aureus的配方中石榴皮、黄芩、诃子可被优先考虑;在抑制E. coli的配方中黄芩、诃子、石榴皮可被优先考虑。

Antibacterial Effects of Seven Kinds of Mongolian Medicines Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Vitro

This study aimed to screen the Mongolian medicines that have good antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） and Escherichia coli （E. coli）. The hole-punch method was employed to determine the susceptibility of S. aureus and E. coli to pomegranate rind, Terminalia chebula, Artemisia austriaca, Scutellaria baicalensis, Astragalus mongholicus, Sophora flavescens, and Clematis florida. The minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） of the seven kinds of Mongolian medicines against S. aureus and E. coli were assessed by using micro-dilution method. Furthermore, the fractional inhibitory concentration index （FICI） of the screened Mongolian medicines that performed good antibacterial effects against S. aureus and E. coli were evaluated via chessboard method. The results showed that the inhibitory zone diameter of pomegranate rind, Terminalia chebula and Scutellaria baicalensis against S. aureus ranged from 23.30 to 32.60 mm, and corresponding MICs ranged from 0.98 to 7.80 mg/mL; the inhibitory zone diameter of pomegranate rind, Terminalia chebula and Scutellaria baicalensis against E. coli ranged from 5.20 to 12.50 mm, and corresponding MICs ranged from 7.80 to 31.50 mg/mL. The FICI of combinative use of pomegranate rind and Terminalia chebula against S. aureus was 1.00, indicating an additive effect; the FICIs of combinative use of Terminalia chebula and Scutellaria baicalensis as well as Terminalia chebula and pomegranate rind against E. coli were both 0.75, indicating an additive effect. In summary, from the perspective of comprehensive antibacterial effects, S. aureus and E. coli are extremely sensitive or highly sensitive to pomegranate rind, Terminalia chebula and Scutellaria baicalensis; pomegranate rind, Scutellaria baicalensis and Terminalia chebula can be given priority in formulas that inhibit S. aureus, while Scutellaria baicalensis, Terminalia chebula and pomegranate rind can be given priority in formulas that inhibit E. coli.