Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of sulfadiazine and trimethoprim in broiler chickens |
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Authors: | Baert K De Baere S Croubels S De Backer P |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium |
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Abstract: | Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are chemotherapeutics that are extensively used in various animal species. Little information about the pharmacokinetics of these compounds in chickens exists in the literature. In this study, a new commercial formulation of sulfadiazine in combination with trimethoprim was administered both intravenously and orally, according to a crossover design, to healthy, 7-week-old broilers. The plasma concentrations of the drugs were determined by validated high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. After intravenous or oral administration of trimethoprim (6.67 mg/kg body weight) and sulfadiazine (33.34 mg/kg body weight), both active substances were rapidly eliminated from the plasma. There was a mean half-life of 1.61 h for trimethoprim and 3.2 h for sulfadiazine. The apparent volumes of distribution (2.2 and 0.43 L/kg, respectively, indicated that the tissue distribution of trimethoprim was more extensive than that of sulfadiazine. The oral bioavailability was approximately 80% for both components. |
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Keywords: | chickens route of administration sulfadiazine tissue distribution trimethoprim |
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