试论青藏高原草业系统生态危机主要成因及对策

草业系统是青藏高原生态系统大惊讶时空异质景观，是该区域的生命支持系统，气候生态因子主导性、大尺度时空相悖性和灰色属性是青藏高原草业系统的显著特征。草业系统通过自身适应机制，调控来自地境及其它系统的胁迫，从而实现脆弱的动态平衡。生态危机症状发生在青藏高原草业系统的3个界面：牧草－－地景界面、草地－－动物界面、草畜－－经营管理界面。疏探经营管理是青藏高原草业系统生态危机的发动机和催化剂，可以用经营者－－投入等多方面无序，构建新的经营管理系统是遏制生态危机、恢复生态平衡的根本出路。

The Countermeasure and the Major Cause of Formation on the Ecocrisis of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Pratacultural System

The pratacultural system(grassland livestock production system)of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecological system is a large scale spatial and temporal heterogeneous landscape as well as a vital sustaining system in the pasturing area.The prominent characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau pratacultural system are the keynote of weather facts and the large scale spatial and temporal conflict and the grey property.To realize frailty dynamic balance the pratacultural system has adjusted itself to the stresses from the environment and other system by a self accommodate mechanism.The symptomes of ecocrisis have occurred at three interfases of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau pratacultural system:plant -site,grassland-animal,grassland and livestock-management.The poor management like a engine and an activator which effects have caused the ecocrisis of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau pratacultural system This course can be explained with the interaction among manager and animal and grassland.The stresses from the poor management to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau pratacultural system are broad and in-depth which have leaded the disorder of the grazing and the reproduction and the input of technology.In order to stop the ecocrisis and recover the ecological balance it will be a ultimate wayout that a new management system should have been reconstructed.