长期植草对山地果园土壤腐殖质的影响

1996年起在福建中亚热带红壤区开展山地果园套种平托花生Arachis pintoicv.Amarillo、圆叶决明Chamaecrista rotundifoliacv.Fuyin NO.1试验,用于治理水土流失。为了科学评价土壤质量的变化,在治理11年后,分析土壤腐殖质及有机无机复合状况,结果表明:与对照(清耕)相比,套种平托花生、圆叶决明区土壤表层(0~15 cm)土壤重组有机碳含量可提高2.56和1.90 g/kg,亚表层(15~30 cm)重组有机碳含量的变化弱于表层。试验区土壤表层的原土复合度达83.09%~96.75%,高于亚表层(77.73%~92.14%)。不同垦植方式比较,土壤表层、亚表层的原土复合度均呈清耕套种平托花生套种圆叶决明的变化趋势。不同套种牧草品种比较,在土壤表层、亚表层的原土有机碳、腐殖质有机碳、原土复合度方面,平托花生均有优于圆叶决明的表现,套种平托花生对表层土壤增值复合度为83.42%,比后者提高12.9%。

Effects of long term interplanting forage on soil humus content in orchard

Archis pintoi cv. Amarillo and Chamaecrista rotundifolia cv. Fuyinn No.1 were interplanted in hilly orchard for water and soil conservation in subtropical red soil region in Fujian Province in 1996. The contents of humus organic carbon and the combining between organic matter and minerals were measured in 2007. The results showed that the humus organic carbon content in surface soil (0 to 15 cm) of treatments interplanted A. pintoi cv. Amarillo and C. rotundifolia cv. Fuyuan No. 1 were increased by 2.56 g/kg and 1.90 g/kg respectively compared with the control (clean tillage). But the change of humus organic carbon content in sub-surface soil (15 to 30 cm) was weaker than surface soil. The combining degree of original soil in surface was 83.09% to 96.75%, higher than that in subsurface (77.73% to 92.14%). And the increased combing degree in surface soil of interplanting treatments was 70.52% to 83.42%. Among different treatments and control, the order of combining degree was clean tillage > interplanting A. pintoi cv. Amarillo > interplanting C. rotundifolia cv. Fuyuan No. 1. The treatment of interplanting A. pintoi cv. Amarillo showed better performance than C. rotundifolia cv. Fuyuan No. 1, and the increased combing degree was 83.42% which was 12.9% more than latter.