青海果洛高寒地区燕麦和小黑麦最佳混播比例筛选

为筛选出适合于三江源区燕麦(Avena sativa)和小黑麦(×Triticale Wittmack)混播比例,在青海省甘德县进行了燕麦与小黑麦不同混播处理的研究。结果表明,在供试的5个混播处理中,混播组合燕麦60%+小黑麦40%处理下的干草产量最高,为13605 kg·hm–2,显著高于单播(P<0.05),和燕麦50%+小黑麦50%处理差异不显著(P>0.05)。燕麦60%+小黑麦40%处理下的燕麦株高最高,比燕麦单播提高6.5%。燕麦60%+小黑麦40%处理下的燕麦单株产量和单株地下生物量均显著高于燕麦单播和其他供试混播处理(P<0.05);小黑麦单株产量在燕麦40%+小黑麦60%处理下最高。燕麦60%+小黑麦40%处理下的燕麦和小黑麦的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量均低于单播,粗蛋白含量最高。利用干草产量、粗蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和中性洗涤纤维含量的相对值进行隶属函数值综合评价,得出混播处理的最佳比例为燕麦60%+小黑麦40%。

Screening of the best mixed ratio of Avena sativa and×Triticale Wittmack in the high-cold area of Guoluo,Qinghai Province

In order to determine the optimal ratio of Avena sativa and×Triticale Wittmack in the“Source of Three Rivers”region,a mixed treatment of A.sativa and×Triticale Wittmack was carried out in Gande County,Qinghai Province.The results showed that the mixed hay yield of the combination of A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%was the highest of the five mixed treatments,at 13605 kg·ha–1,and the treatment was significantly higher than that of monoculture yields(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between A.sativa 50%+×Triticale Wittmack 50%(P>0.05).The plant height of A.sativa was greatest in the A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%treatment.This was 6.5%higher than the value under A.sativa alone.The yield per plant and the underground biomass per plant of A.sativa treated with A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%was significantly higher than that of A.sativa alone,and other mixed treatments(P<0.05).The yield perplant of×Triticale Wittmack was highest in A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%.The content of acid and neutral detergent fiber(ADF and NDF)of A.sativa and Triticale treated with A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%was lower than that of the monocultures,and A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%had the highest crude protein content.The comprehensive evaluation of the optimal ratios was carried out by using the relative values of hay yield,crude protein content,soluble sugar content,starch content,ADF and NDF content,and was determined as A.sativa 60%+×Triticale Wittmack 40%.