干旱矿区不同干扰强度下土壤种子库特征

土壤种子库是矿区植被恢复的重要因素,其特征在一定程度上反映了区域的植被恢复潜力。本研究通过样地调查和室内萌发法对乌海新星煤矿区3种不同干扰条件下的土壤种子库及与其地表植被之间的关系进行分析。结果表明:1)新星矿区土壤种子库共有18种植物,隶属于7科16属,物种生活型以多年生草本植物为主;2)新星矿区土壤种子库平均储量较小(226.51~739.17粒·m^?2),并且随着土层深度增加而呈递减趋势,其90%以上的种子储藏在0?10 cm的表层土壤;3)研究区土壤种子库植物与地上植被的共有物种数少,土壤种子库与地上植被的植物群落相似性较低;4)随着干扰强度的增大,种子库的植被恢复潜力呈现先增大后减少的趋势:道路周边受到中度干扰的自然植被区朝着有利的方向发展,而采矿周边受重度干扰的自然植被区会受到较大负面影响,其多样性以及与其他分区植物群落的相似性较小,种子密度显著降低(P<0.05)。

Characteristics of the soil seed bank under different disturbance intensities in an arid mining area

Soil seed banks are an important factor that can affect vegetation restoration in mining areas,and their characteristics reflect the vegetation restoration potential of the region to a certain extent.In this study,the relationship between the soil seed bank and its surface vegetation under three different disturbance conditions in the Wuhai Xinxing coal mine area was analyzed using sample site investigation and indoor germination techniques.The results show that 1)Species are scarce in the study area.There are a total of 18 plant species belonging to 7 families and 16 genera.The species life forms are mainly perennial herbs.2)The average soil seed bank reserve in the Xinxing mining area is relatively small(226.51~739.17 seed·m^?2)and shows a decreasing trend as the soil depth increases.More than 90%of the seeds are stored in the surface soil(0?10 cm).3)The plants in the soil seed bank across the study area have few species in common with above-ground vegetation in the same area and the plant community similarity between the soil seed bank and the aboveground vegetation is low.4)When the disturbance intensity increased,the vegetation restoration potential of the seed bank rose at first and then decreased.The natural vegetation area around the road with moderate disturbance developed in a favorable direction,while the natural vegetation area around the mining area with severe interference was strongly negatively affected,its diversity and similarity with other district communities were small,and the seed density significantly decreased(P<0.05).