GIS表述的生态环境评价体系研究——以青海省为例

本研究以青海省为例，分别采用《生态环境状况评价技术规范》和《GIS表述的生态环境评价体系》的方法，运用ArcGIS的空间统计及分析功能，对青海省2004、2006和2007年的生态环境质量状况进行综合评价，并且对《生态环境状况评价技术规范》和《GIS表述的生态环境评价体系》2种方法的优缺点做了比较。结果表明，青海省生态环境质量指数（EI）值远远低于全国平均水平，3年全省EI均值分别为27.43、27.73和29.97。EI值的分布具有明显地带性，从西北到东南呈逐渐增大趋势，生态环境状况逐渐好转。通过对2种方法的评价结果进行比较得出：《GIS表述的生态环境评价体系》较《生态环境状况评价技术规范》评价效果更好，其评价结果可以精确到1 km2范围之内，这种结果更有利于生态环境的治理。

Evaluation system of the ecological environments based on GIS——A case study in Qinghai Province

Based on “Technical Criterion for Eco environmental Status Evaluation” and “The System of Ecological Environment Assessment Based on GIS”, the ecological environment quality of Qinghai Province was comprehensively assessed by the method of spatial statistics and analyst of ArcGIS in 2004, 2006 and 2007, respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of “Technical Criterion for Eco environmental Status Evaluation” and “The System of Ecological Environment Assessment Based on GIS” were discussed in this study. The results of this study showed that the eco environmental quality index (EI) was far lower than that of the whole China and the average value of EI in 2004, 2006 and 2007 was 27.43, 27.73 and 29.97 respectively. EI gradually increased from northwest to southeast, implying that the eco environment quality became gradually better. This study showed that that “The System of Ecological Environment Assessment Based on GIS” was better than “Technical Criterion for Eco environmental Status Evaluation”, whose error was less than 1 km2.