西藏高寒草地畜牧业的意义、问题与发展建议

概述了西藏高寒草地畜牧业在经济发展和国家生态安全等方面的重大意义；阐述了目前草地家畜两退化草原环境压力进一步加深，草地畜牧业经营管理水平较低生产和生态效益不高，因草地使用权不落实而加剧草地退化等问题；提出了今后草地畜牧业发展中特别需要解决的几个问题，如：全面落实草地使用权，加强对天然草地的管理与合理利用，加强人工草地建设，提高抗灾保畜能力，搞好退耕还草，大力发展营养体农业和季节畜牧业，采取有效措施，防治有毒有害植物与鼠类危害，加强对特色草产业的开发并促进其向产业化发展，提高草业发展的科技水平与从业者素质，以及对今后草业发展项目的建议。

Significance, problem and suggestion of highland pasture animal husbandry in Tibet, China

The significance of Tibetan highland pasture animal husbandry on economic development and national ecological safety was summarized. The problems of both grassland and livestock degradation, stronger pressure of grassland environment, lower lever of grassland and livestock management, lower ecological effectiveness and improper right of grassland use etc. were analyzed. Meanwhile, some suggestions of developing Tibetan pasture animal husbandry were proposed, such as management of native grassland, reasonable grazing, establishment of sown grassland, regression cropland to pasture land, development of seasonal animal husbandry, control of rodent and poisonous herb and industrialization of forage production and so on.