二元和三元后备母猪批次化生产技术应用效果分析

本试验于2018年5~10月在天津某猪场对二元(长×大)和三元(杜×长×大)后备母猪应用批次化生产技术后的静立率、淘汰率、妊娠率和窝产仔数等繁殖力指标进行了统计分析。试验分为常温(5—7月)和高温(8—10月)两个阶段,每批参与试验的二元和三元母猪均大于30头。结果表明:在常温季节,三元后备母猪在静立率、妊娠率和总体妊娠率等方面与二元后备母猪无显著性差异(P>0.05);而在高温季节,三元后备母猪的静立率、妊娠率和总体妊娠率等方面均显著低于二元后备母猪(P<0.05)。相对于常温季节,高温季节里二元和三元母猪的妊娠率和总体妊娠率均显著降低,但在静立率方面只有三元母猪显著降低(P<0.05)。不论是在高温季节还是在常温季节,三元后备母猪的窝产仔数和窝均产仔数均显著低于二元后备母猪,而淘汰率却显著高于二元后备母猪(P<0.05)。结论:在常温季节,三元母猪静立率和妊娠率均与二元母猪差异不显著;但在高温季节三元母猪静立率和妊娠率均显著低于二元母猪;不论是高温还是常温季节,三元母猪的窝产仔数都显著低于二元母猪,而淘汰率显著高于二元母猪。

Analysis of the effects of batch production technique on the fertility of Landrace×Large Yorkshire and Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts

The rats of standing, elimination, pregnancy and litter size of Landrace×Large Yorkshire and Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts from a pig farm of Tianjin were statistically analyzed after applying batch production technique during May to October in 2018. The experiment was designed into two periods:normal temperature season (May-July) and high temperature season (August-October). Each batch contained at least 30 gilts in each group. The present study showed that there were no significant differences between Landrace×Large Yorkshire and Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts in the rates of standing, gestation and total gestation in the normal temperature (NT) season (P>0.05). However, the rates of standing, gestation and total gestation of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts were all significantly lower than those of Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts in the high temperature (HT) season (P<0.05). Comparing to NT season, the rates of gestation and total gestation of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire and Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts both greatly decreased, whereas, only Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire exhibited the significant reduction in standing rate in the HT season (P<0.05).Both the litter size and live litter size of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts were significantly lower, while the elimination rate was significantly higher than those of Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts no matter in the NT or in the HT seasons (P<0.05).
In a word, the rates of standing and pregnancy of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts exhibited no different from Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts in the NT season. Nevertheless, the rates of standing and pregnancy of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts were significantly lower than those of Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts in the HT season. The litter size and live litter size of Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts were significantly lower but the elimination rate was significantly higher than those of Landrace×Large Yorkshire gilts in the both HT and NT seasons.