Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combination after intravenous and oral administration in goats |
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| Authors: | CM Carceles E Escudero MS Vicente JM Serrano S Carli |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Murcia , Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30071, Spain;2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Murcia , Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30071, Spain;3. Dpt. Farmacologia y Terapéutica , Facultad de Veterinaria , Campus du Espinardo, Murcia, 30071, Spain;4. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Cordoba , Avda. Medina Azahara, Cordoba, 14005, Spain;5. Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology , Via Celoria 10, Milan, 20133, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Summary The intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of an amoxicillin and clavulanic acid combination (20 mg/kg of sodium amoxicillin and 5 mg/kg of potassium clavulanate) were studied in six goats. After intravenous administration the pharmacokinetics of both drugs could be described by an open two‐compartment model. Amoxicillin had a greater distribution volume (0.19 ± 0.01 l/kg) than clavulanic acid (0.15 ± 0.01 l/kg), whereas the distribution and elimination constants were higher for the latter, which was eliminated more quickly than amoxicillin. After oral administration of both drugs their pharmacokinetic behaviour was best described by an open one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption. Elimination half‐lives were twice as long after oral (2.15 ± 0.20 h and 1.94 ± 0.16 h for amoxicillin and clavulanic acid respectively) than after intravenous administration (1.20 ± 0.16 h and 0.86 ± 0.09, respectively). An apparent ‘flip‐flop’ situation was evident in this study. Bioavailability was 27% for amoxicillin and 50% for clavulanic acid. |
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