可变剪接及其在畜禽育种中的研究与应用

可变剪接是指个体发育或者细胞分化时有选择地越过某些外显子或某个剪接点进行变位剪接，从而产生组织或发育阶段特异性mRNA的过程。通过可变剪接，生物体可以由单个基因产生多个不同的蛋白质异构体，从而导致大量的蛋白质变异。因此，可变剪接在动物生长发育和生理代谢等过程中发挥重要的调控作用。本文对可变剪接的类型、鉴定方法及其对畜禽各种经济性状的影响进行了总结，并展望了其在畜禽育种中的应用前景，以期为畜禽育种改良进行提供新思路。

Research Progress of Alternative Splicing and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Breeding

Alternative splicing(AS) refers to the process of selective splicing across exons or splice junctions during individual development or cell differentiation to produce tissue-or development-stage specific mRNA. Through AS process, organisms can produce many different protein isomers from a single gene and finally increase the proteome diversity. Therefore, AS plays an important role in the regulation of animal growth, development and physiological metabolism. This article not only summarized the types and the detection methods of alternative splicing, but also highlighted its impact on various economic traits of livestock and poultry, and prospected its application prospects in livestock and poultry breeding. This article could provide new ideas for the improvement of livestock and poultry breeding.