骆驼乳清蛋白对热应激所致大鼠肝氧化损伤的保护作用

本试验旨在研究骆驼乳清蛋白（CWP）对热应激（HS）大鼠肝损伤、氧化应激及肝功能的保护作用。选取6周龄SD大鼠36只，适应性饲养2周后随机分为6组：正常对照组饲喂基础日粮；CWP对照组添加400 mg·kg^-1的CWP；HS组除饲喂基础日粮外，每天进行2 h HS处理，连续8 d；3个CWP干预组分别于每次HS前灌服100、200和400 mg·kg^-1的CWP。试验结束后，取大鼠肝组织，HE染色观察肝组织病理学变化，同时检测肝功能生物标志物、氧化应激标志物水平及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明：CWP降低了HS大鼠血清谷草转氨酶（AST）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性，400 mg·kg^-1的CWP干预效果最好（P<0.01）；400 mg·kg^-1CWP干预组有效降低了HS诱导的大鼠肝组织病理学改变； CWP降低了大鼠肝活性氧（ROS）及丙二醛（MDA）水平，增加了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性及谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平，400 mg·kg^-1的CWP干预效果最好（P<0.01）。结果提示，CWP干预能够以剂量依赖性方式降低大鼠肝氧化应激，增加抗氧化系统防御能力，从而缓解HS所致大鼠肝损伤。

Protective Effects of Camel Whey Protein against Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver Induced by Heat Stress

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of camel whey protein (CWP) on liver injury, oxidative stress, and liver function of rats under heat-stressed (HS). Thirty six 6-week-old SD rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups after 2 weeks of adaptive feeding:the control group fed a basal diet, the CWP control group supplemented with 400 mg·kg^-1of CWP, the HS group received 2 h HS treatment per day for 8 d in addition to the basal diet, and the CWP intervention group received 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg^-1of CWP before each HS treatment. Liver histological changes were observed by HE staining, and liver function biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant enzyme activities were detected. The results showed as follows:CWP intervention reduced HS serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities, and 400 mg·kg^-1CWP had the best effect (P<0.01). And 400 mg·kg^-1CWP effectively reduced HS-induced histopathological changes in the rat liver. CWP suppressed hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities as well as glutathione (GSH) levels, with 400 mg·kg^-1CWP having the best effect (P<0.01). These results suggested that CWP intervention could alleviate HS-induced liver injury in rats by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant system defenses in a dose-dependent manner.