一起境外输入性牛结节性皮肤病疫情

2020年11月，山东滨州市、东营市引进牛皮肤出现自限性皮肤结节、损伤以及结痂等症状，疑似发生牛结节性皮肤病（lumpy skin disease，LSD）。为确诊两地疫情及了解病原的遗传演化关系，利用荧光定量PCR方法进行诊断，以PCR方法扩增GCPR基因并进行核苷酸比对分析和遗传演化分析。检测结果显示，采集的样品中检测到牛结节性皮肤病病毒（lumpy skin disease virus，LSDV），两地疫情确诊为LSD疫情。GCPR基因核苷酸比对结果显示，China/SDBinzhou/2020、China/SDDongying/2020 GCPR基因存在12个核苷酸的插入，与疫苗毒株Neethling vaccine LW 1959株、Neethling-LSD vaccine-OBP株以及俄罗斯发现的疫苗样毒株Saratov株在GCPR基因的核苷酸插入序列相同，具备疫苗样毒株的特征。系统发育分析结果表明，China/SDBinzhou/2020、China/SDDongying/2020 GCPR基因与我国新疆发现的LSDV毒株GCPR基因处同一小分支中，亲缘关系较近。同时，我国LSDV毒株与Neethling vaccine LW 1959株、Neethling-LSD vaccine-OBP株以及Saratov株等共处于一大分支中。综上，确诊滨州市、东营市两地疫情为LSD疫情，这是山东省首次确诊输入性LSD疫情。

An Imported Case of Lumpy Skin Disease

In November 2020, the imported cattle in Binzhou and Dongying of Shandong Province showed circumscribed skin nodules, skin wounds and scab, which were suspected of lumpy skin disease (LSD). In order to confirm the cause of the disease in the two places and understand its genetic evolution relationship, fluorescent quantitative PCR(qPCR) was used for etiological diagnosis. GCPR gene was amplified by PCR and the alignment analysis and phylogenetic analysis were carried out. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was detected with qPCR in the collected samples. The disease occurred in the two cities were finally confirmed as LSD. The alignment analysis showed that there were 12 nucleotides insertion in the GCPR gene of China/SDBinzhou/2020 and China/SDDongying/2020, which was same as the insertion sequence in GCPR gene of vaccine strains, Neethling vaccine LW 1959 and Neethling-LSD vaccine-OBP, and vaccine-like strain, Saratov. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GCPR of China/SDBinzhou/2020 and China/SDDongying/2020 were closely related to LSDV strains found in Xinjiang. At the same time, LSDV strain found in China were allocated in a large branch. In conclusion, the disease occurred in Binzhou and Dongying were confirmed as LSD, which was the first confirmation of the imported case of LSD in Shandong province.