纳米硒对氟化钠诱导小鼠肝组织细胞凋亡的影响

旨在探究纳米硒对氟化钠诱导肝细胞凋亡的影响，40只28日龄昆明小鼠（25 g±2 g）适应性饲养7 d后，随机分为对照组（Control，生理盐水）、氟化钠组（NaF，24 mg·kg^-1）、纳米硒组（Nano-Se，1 mg·kg^-1）、纳米硒治疗组（NaF+Nano-Se，24 mg·kg^-1 NaF+1 mg·kg^-1Nano-Se），每组10只，灌胃给药，试验周期为28 d。通过HE染色评价小鼠肝细胞的病理损伤，Tunel染色评估肝细胞凋亡水平，免疫荧光，Western blot，RT-qPCR检测凋亡相关基因蛋白的表达水平。结果表明：1）纳米硒有效缓解了氟化钠处理引起的肝细胞肿胀、空泡变性以及核碎裂等现象，下调Bax、Caspase3/9及蛋白P53、Caspase3等凋亡发生相关基因的表达，提高了Bcl-2/Bax的表达水平（P<0.05）；2）Tunel染色结果显示，氟化钠处理显著提高了细胞的凋亡率（P<0.01），纳米硒可有效减少细胞凋亡的发生（P<0.05）；3）Cyt-C在氟化钠组表达水平较对照组显著升高（P<0.05），而在纳米硒治疗组的表达呈下降趋势。综上所述，纳米硒通过调控凋亡相关因子的表达能有效缓解氟化钠诱导的小鼠肝细胞凋亡。

Effect of Nano-selenium on the Apoptosis Induced by Fluoride in Hepatocytes

In order to explore the effect of nano-selenium on the apoptosis of hepatocytes induced by fluoride, A total of 40 Kunming mice were divided into 4 groups (each group contents 10 mices) after 7 days of adaptive feeding, which were administered with normal saline, 24 mg·kg^-1 NaF, 1 mg·kg^-1 nano-selenium and the same dose of NaF (24 mg·kg^-1 NaF) + nano-selenium (1 mg·kg^-1). The entire experiment lasted for 28 days, during which all the mice had free drinking and eating. The pathological damage of hepatocyte was evaluated by HE staining, while Tunel staining was used to evaluate the apoptosis level of hepatocytes, and the expression level of apoptosis-related genes and proteins were detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-qPCR. The results showed that nano-selenium effectively alleviates the swelling of liver cells, vacuolar degeneration and nuclear fragmentation caused by fluoride treatment, and down-regulates the expression of genes related to apoptosis, such as Bax, Caspase3/9 and protein P53, Caspase3, elevated Bcl-2/Bax expression level. Tunel staining results showed that fluoride treatment significantly increased the rate of cell apoptosis (P<0.01), while nano-selenium can effectively reduce the incidence of cell apoptosis(P<0.05). The expression level of Cyt-C in the fluoride group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the expression in the nano-selenium treatment group showed a downward trend. In conclusion, nano-selenium can effectively alleviate fluoride induced hepatocyte apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related factors.