遗传距离聚类法和模型聚类法在地方鸡种群体遗传结构分析中的比较

利用16个微卫星标记，计算品种间DA遗传距离和基因流（Nm），并基于DA遗传距离运用NJ算法和基于Structure程序构建2类聚类图，比较分析10个地方鸡品种群体间的遗传结构和亲缘关系。结果表明：基于DA遗传距离运用NJ算法构建的聚类图将10个地方鸡品种总体上分为2大类：轻体型的鸡种（包括茶花鸡、藏鸡、仙居鸡、固始鸡和白耳鸡）和重体型的鸡种（包括狼山鸡、大骨鸡、北京油鸡、鹿苑鸡和萧山鸡）；在轻体型的类别中，茶花鸡和藏鸡、仙居鸡和固始鸡聚为一类；在重体型的类别中，鹿苑鸡和萧山鸡聚为一类，狼山鸡、大骨鸡和北京油鸡则表现为独立分支，聚类结果与品种问基因流动相一致。Structure程序在预先未标识个体品种来源的条件下，准确推断出10个地方鸡种群体所属类别，构建的聚类图与遗传距离聚类结果基本一致。Structure程序还根据个体基因组分数，指出了10个地方鸡种群体中迁移个体和具有复杂遗传基础个体的分布，这是遗传距离聚类法所不能揭示的。

Compared Analysis of Genetic Structure among Chinese Indigenous Chicken Breeds Using Distance-based and Model-based Methods

The Nei's improved genetic distance(DA) and gene flow(Nm) were measured using 16 microsatellite markers.Then two dendograms of clustering based on DA genetic distance using neighbor joining(NJ) method and Structure program were constructed to analyze the genetic structure and relationship among ten Chinese indigenous chicken breeds.The results showed,in dendograms of clustering based on DA genetic distance using NJ method,ten Chinese indigenous chicken breeds were divided into two main clusters,one was ligh...