同期排卵处理母牛体温和活动量变化规律及效果分析

为探究同期排卵处理母牛体温和活动量变化规律及不同同期排卵技术处理效果，指导同期排卵技术优化。本研究自动监测了18头20月龄左右同期排卵（GnRH-PG-GnRH）处理荷斯坦母牛和17头产后40~60 d预同期排卵（PG-PG-GnRH-PG-GnRH）处理荷斯坦母牛的体温和活动量，应用自动检测系统进行母牛发情监测。结果发现，同期排卵处理母牛发情时阴道温度平均升高（0.43±0.20）℃，持续（12.37±2.73）h；活动量平均升高（18.28±18.61）倍，持续（11.00±1.68）h；排卵时阴道温度平均下降（0.20±0.10）℃，持续（11.00±1.68）h。自动化发情监测显示，同期排卵处理母牛7头发情并排卵；预同期排卵母牛GnRH处理前全部发情排卵。两种同期排卵处理，虽可改变母牛性周期进程，促进母牛性周期同步化，但均难以使母牛性周期完全同步。因此，将同期排卵-定时输精和发情鉴定技术科学结合才能取得更好的繁殖效果。

Study on the Body Temperature and Physical Activity Alteration of Cow Treated with Ovulation Synchronization and Effect Analysis

In order to guide the optimization of ovulation synchronization, the body temperature and physical activity of cows treated with ovulation synchronization and effect of different ovulation synchronization techniques were investigated. Eighteen Holstein cows (20-month-old) treated with ovulation synchronization (GnRH-PG-GnRH) and 17 Holstein cows (40-60 days postpartum) treated with ovulation pre-synchronization (PG-PG-GnRH-PG-GnRH) were selected, and their body temperature, physical activity and the estrus were monitored by automatic detection system. The results showed that the average vaginal temperature of cows treated with ovulation synchronization increased by (0.43±0.2)℃ and lasted for about (12.37±2.73) h, the average amount of physical activity increased (18.28±18.61) times and lasted for (11.00±1.68) h during estrus; the vaginal temperature decreased by (0.20±0.10)℃, and lasted for about (11.00±1.68) h during ovulation. Automatic estrus identification showed that, 7 cows treated with ovulation synchronization were in estrus and ovulation; all cows treated with ovulation pre-synchronization were in estrus and ovulation before GnRH treatment. Both ovulation synchronization techniques could change the course of cow sexual cycle and promote the synchronization of cow sexual cycle, but it was difficult to completely synchronize the sexual cycle of cows. Therefore, the scientific combination of ovulation synchronization-timed artificial insemination and estrus diagnosis technology can achieve better reproduction effects.