β-折叠抗菌肽的研发及应用策略

抗生素的滥用导致全球细菌耐药性问题愈发严重，严重威胁人类、畜禽健康及畜牧业发展，功能多样且不易导致细菌产生耐药性突变的抗菌肽（antimicrobial peptides，AMPs）逐渐发展为抗生素的潜在替代品。β-折叠是抗菌肽一个主要的二级结构分类，该类肽通常由一个或多个二硫键来维系结构的稳定，现已发现许多抗菌肽具有此类结构。相比于目前研究广泛的α-螺旋AMP，它们被认为拥有更强的抗酶解能力和更高的细胞选择性。本篇综述介绍了β-折叠抗菌肽的来源和抗细菌机理，并梳理了一些常见的分子设计方法和应用策略，以期为β-折叠抗菌肽的研发应用提供新思路。

Development and Application Strategy of Beta Sheet Antimicrobial Peptides

The abuse of antibiotics has led to the problem of bacterial resistance more and more serious in the world, which has posed a great threat to the health of human beings and livestock as well as the development of animal husbandry. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which have diverse functions and are not tend to cause bacterial resistance, have gradually developed into potential substitutes of antibiotics. β-sheet structure is a major secondary element constituting the classification of AMPs, which usually maintains the structural stability through one or more disulfide bonds. Compared with the widely studied α-helical AMP, they are believed to have stronger resistance to enzymolysis and higher cell selectivity. This review briefly introduces the natural sources and antibacterial mechanism of β-sheet AMPs, and sorts out some common molecular design methods and application strategies. The content obtained here can provide novel ideas for the research and application of β-sheet AMPs.