高钼环境分布与家畜钼中毒研究

陕西省境内某钼矿的选矿废水常年排放到南洛河,污染了河水。家畜饮用污染废水或采食河边牧草后即发生以腹泻为主的钼中毒,发病率达18.74％,死亡率为9.41％,使该地区畜牧业损失严重。经对15个品种219份样品1800余样次毒源成分分析检测,结果表明,钼在水、土壤、植物和动物组织中的含量均属高浓度水平。家畜饮用含有高钼污水,摄入的钼量极易达到中毒标准而致病。冶金工业污染引起高水平钼在食物链上正相关分布与迁移即为中毒原因。单纯饮用高钼污水完全能够引起反刍动物中毒。

AN ENVIRONMENTAL DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH CONCENTRATED MOLYBDENUM AND ANIMAL MOLYBDENUM POISONING

The waste waters from some molybdenum ore were discharged into Nanle River and the waters of the river were polluted all the year round. After drinking the water polluted or pasturing the grass beside the river, animals suffered from molybdenosis, which presented with diarrhoea mainly. The incidence of this disease was 18.74%, mortality was 9.41%. The farmer's income for raising these animals was reduced ob- viously. It was indicated, according to more than 1800 measures of 219 samples of 15 breeds, that molybde- num contents in the waster, soil, plants and animal tissues also were of high concentration. Animals were poisoned easily due to taking of too much that element from the water with tailings. The reason that molybdenum toxicity happened to animals in this region is the distribution of positive correlation of high level molybdenum which resulted from metallurgically industrial pollution and transmission through the water - soil - plant - animal food chain. Another reason is the element transference artificial along this chain. This paper proposed the viewpoint that a serious disease happen to the ruminants which drink high- level molybdenum water.