摄食浒苔和人工饵料的点篮子鱼幼鱼肌肉营养成分比较

本试验旨在比较摄食浒苔和人工饵料的点篮子鱼幼鱼肌肉营养成分。试验选择180尾体质健壮、规格一致的点篮子鱼幼鱼,设置2个饵料组(浒苔组和人工饵料组),分别投喂浒苔鲜样和人工饵料,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,试验期90 d。结果表明:1)浒苔组点篮子鱼幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率和相对增长率均显著低于人工饵料组(P0.05);浒苔组点篮子鱼幼鱼的粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量显著高于人工饵料组(P0.05),而粗脂肪含量显著低于人工饵料组(P0.05),水分含量在2组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。2)浒苔组和人工饵料组点篮子鱼幼鱼的氨基酸组成基本一致,均检出17种氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为76.72和70.05,其构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准。3)浒苔组点篮子鱼幼鱼脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)+二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和ω3多不饱和脂肪酸含量(ω3PUFA)含量均显著高于人工饵料组(P0.05)。从以上结果可见,2组点篮子鱼幼鱼均含有多种营养成分,但从EAAI及EPA+DHA、ω3PUFA含量来看,浒苔组点篮子鱼的各种必需氨基酸和重要多不饱和脂肪酸营养均较优,摄食浒苔后的点篮子鱼味道鲜美,并具有较高的食用价值和保健作用。

Comparison of Nutritive Components in Muscle of Juvenile Siganus guttatus Fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and Artificial Feed

This experiment was conducted to compared the nutritive components in muscle of juvenile Siganus guttatus fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and artificial feed.A total of 180 healthy juvenile Siganus guttatus with similar body weight were divided into 2 feed groups (Enteromorpha prolifra group and artificial feed group), and fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and artificial feed, respectively.Each group contained 3 replicates and each replicate contained 30 fish.The experiment lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows: 1) the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and relative growth rate of juvenile Siganus guttatus in Enteromorpha prolifra group were significantly lower than that in artificial feed group (P<0.05);the content of crude protein and crude ash of juvenile Siganus guttatus in Enteromorpha prolifra group was significantly higher than that in artificial feed group (P<0.05), however, the content of crude fat of juvenile Siganus guttatus in Enteromorpha prolifra group was significantly lower than that in with artificial feed group (P<0.05), the moisture content between two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05).2) The composition of amino acids was similar between Enteromorpha prolifra group and artificial feed group.Seventeen kinds of amino acids were found in both Enteromorpha prolifera group and artificial feed group groups, and the essential amino acids index (EAAI) was 76.71 and 70.05, respectively.The component of the essential amino acids (EAA) met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)/Word Health Organization (WHO) Standard.3) The content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)+docosahexenoic acid (DHA)and ω3 poly unsaturated fatty acids (ω3PUFA) of juvenile Siganus guttatus in Enteromorpha prolifra group was significantly higher than that in artificial feed group (P<0.05).In conclusion, the juvenile Siganus guttatus in two groups contains a variety of nutritional composition, however, considered the EAAI and the content of EPA+DHA and ω3PUFA, the nutrient of essential amino acids and major polyunsaturated fatty acids of juvenile Siganus guttatus is better in Enteromorpha prolifra group, Siganus guttatus fed with Enteromorpha prolifra is a nutritive and delicious food fish, and it can be an important aquaculture species with high edible value and health care function.