核黄素缺乏对1～28日龄北京鸭生长性能、器官指数和血浆生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究核黄素缺乏对1~28日龄北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、器官指数、组织核黄素含量及血浆生化指标的影响。采用单因子完全随机试验设计,选取360只1日龄健康的雄性北京鸭,随机分为3个组,即核黄素缺乏组、采食配对组(人为控制该组采食量与核黄素缺乏组一致)和自由采食对照组,每组12个重复,每个重复10只鸭。核黄素缺乏组试验鸭饲喂核黄素缺乏饲粮(实测核黄素含量为1.38 mg/kg),采食配对组和自由采食对照组饲喂核黄素充足饲粮(在核黄素缺乏饲粮基础上添加10 mg/kg核黄素)。试验期为28 d。结果表明:与采食配对组和自由采食对照组相比,核黄素缺乏组试验鸭的平均日增重、胸肌率和腿肌率显著降低(P0.05),料重比和死亡率显著升高(P0.05),肝脏指数、心脏指数和胰腺指数显著提高(P0.05),血浆核黄素、肝脏核黄素和黄素单核苷酸含量显著降低(P0.05),血浆谷草转氨酶活性及总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量显著提高(P0.05)。由此得出,核黄素是北京鸭生长发育必需的营养素;饲粮中缺乏核黄素可降低1~28日龄北京鸭的生长性能和组织中核黄素含量,可提高肝脏指数并导致血浆总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量及谷草转氨酶活性升高。

Effects of Riboflavin Deficiency on Growth Performance,Organ Indexes and Plasma Biochemical Indices of Pekin Ducks from 1 to 28 Days of Age

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of riboflavin deficiency on growth perform-ance, carcass traits, organ indexes, tissue riboflavin content and plasma biochemical indices of Pekin ducks from 1 to 28 days of age. Using a one-factor completely randomize design, a total of 360 one-day-old male Pe-kin ducks were divided into 3 groups with 12 replicates each group and 10 birds per replicate. The 3 groups were named as riboflavin-deficient group, pair-fed group and ad libitum control group, respectively, the ducks in riboflavin-deficient group were fed a riboflavin-deficient diet ( the measured value of riboflavin content was 1.38 mg/kg) , and the ducks in pair-fed group and ad libitum control group were fed a riboflavin-sufficient diet ( added 10 mg/kg riboflavin to the riboflavin-deficient diet) , and the feed intake of ducks in pair-fed group corresponded with the ducks in riboflavin-deficient group by artificial control. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows:compared with the pair-fed group and ad libitum control group, the aver-age daily gain, breast muscle percentage and leg muscle percentage of ducks were significantly decreased in the riboflavin-deficient group ( P<0.05) , the feed/gain and mortality of ducks were significantly increased in the riboflavin-deficient group (P<0.05), the liver index, heart index and pancreas index of ducks were signifi-cantly increased in the riboflavin-deficient group ( P<0.05) , the contents of plasma riboflavin, liver riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide of ducks were significantly decreased in the riboflavin-deficient group (P<0.05), and the plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride content and aspartate transaminase activity of ducks were signif-icantly increased in the riboflavin-deficient group ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, riboflavin is a essential nutrient for the growth and development of Pekin ducks. Dietary riboflavin deficiency can decrease the growth performance and tissue riboflavin content of Pekin ducks from 1 to 28 days of age, and increase the liver index and plasma total cholesterols and triglyceride contents and aspartate transaminase activity.