大豆黄酮、芒柄花素及其组合对奶牛产奶性能、血浆和乳中激素含量的影响

本试验旨在研究大豆黄酮、芒柄花素及其组合对奶牛产奶性能、血浆和乳中激素含量的影响。选取健康年龄、泌乳期相近的40头荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,分别为对照、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组10头。所有奶牛饲喂全混合日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在此基础上分别添加2.50 g大豆黄酮、35.0 g芒柄花素、1.25 g大豆黄酮+17.5 g芒柄花素。进行127 d的饲养试验,其中预试期7 d,正试期120 d。结果显示:试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组产奶量与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05),分别比对照组提高了30.40%、27.77%、28.37%;试验组的乳脂产量均高于对照组,但差异不显著(P0.05);试验组的乳蛋白率和乳蛋白产量均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅲ组与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组乳糖产量显著高于对照组(P0.05);对照组乳尿素氮含量显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P0.05);试验组血浆中雌酮含量低于对照组,而试验组乳中雌酮含量高于对照组,但差异均不显著(P0.05);试验组血浆和乳中雌二醇-17β含量均高于对照组,试验Ⅲ组与对照组差异显著(P0.05);试验组血浆和乳中孕酮含量均高于对照组,其中血浆中试验Ⅱ组与对照组差异显著(P0.05),乳中试验Ⅰ、Ⅲ组与对照组差异显著(P0.05);各组间血浆中促卵泡素、促黄体素含量差异不显著(P0.05);各试验组血浆中催乳素含量均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅱ组与对照组差异显著(P0.05);试验组乳中雌马酚含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。因此,补饲大豆黄酮、芒柄花素及其组合可提高奶牛产奶量,改善乳品质,显著增加乳中雌马酚含量,同时使奶牛血浆和乳中雌二酮、孕酮含量增加。

Effects of Daidzein,Formononetin and Their Combination on Milk Performance,Plasma and Milk Hormone Contents of Dairy Cows

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of daidzein, formononetin and their combi?nation on milk performance, plasma and milk hormone contents of dairy cows. Forty healthy Holstein cows with the same age and lactation stage were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were control group, trial groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively, and each group had 10 cows. All cows were fed total mixed ration, and trial groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were supplemented 2. 50 g dainzein, 35. 0 g formononetin, and 1. 25 g dainzein+17.5 g formononetin, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted for 127 d comprised a 7 d adaptation period and 120 d trial period. The results showed as follows:milk yield of trial groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that of control group ( P<0.05) , and was increased by 30.40%, 27.77% and 28.37%, respective?ly; milk fat yield of trial groups was higher than that of control group, but the differences were not significant ( P>0.05);milk protein percentage and yield of trial groups were higher than those of control group, and trial group Ⅲ was significantly higher than control group ( P<0.05); milk urea nitrogen content of control group was significantly higher than that of trial group Ⅱ ( P<0.05); plasma estrone of trial groups was lower than that of control group ( P>0.05) , but milk estrone of trial groups was higher than that of control group, but the differences were not significant ( P>0.05);estrogen?17β ( E2?17β) content in milk and plasma of trial groups were higher than that in control group, and there was a significant difference between trial groupⅢand control group ( P<0.05);progesterone content in plasma and milk of trial group was higher than that of control group, there was a significant difference between trial group Ⅱ and control group in plasma (P<0.05), and there were significant differences between trial group Ⅰ, Ⅲ and control group in milk ( P<0.05); follicle stimula?ting hormone ( FSH) and luteinizing hormone ( LH) contents in plasma were not significantly different among all groups ( P>0.05); plasma prolactin ( PRL) of all trial groups was higher than that of control group, and there was a significant difference between trial group Ⅱ and control group ( P<0.05); milk equol content of trial groups was significantly higher than that of control group ( P<0.05) . Therefore, the supplementations of daidzein, formononetin and their combination can increase milk performance, improve milk quality, signifi?cantly increase milk equol content, and increase E2?17β and progesterone contents in milk and plasma.