饲料调味剂对育成期蓝狐采食量、营养物质消化率、氮代谢及生长性能的影响

本试验旨在研究肝脏香、奶香、甜味剂和大肠香等4种饲料调味剂对育成期雄性蓝狐采食量、营养物质消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取体况健康的育成期雄性蓝狐50只,随机分成5组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。各组动物个体间体重差异不显著(P0.05)。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组)分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加肝脏香、奶香、甜味剂和大肠香饲料调味剂的试验饲粮,添加量分别为500、500、120、500 mg/kg。试验期为52 d。结果表明:1)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅳ组干物质采食量极显著提高(P0.01),Ⅲ组干物质采食量显著提高(P0.05)。2)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组干物质排出量显著降低(P0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组干物质消化率分别提高了4.34%、9.07%、9.40%、5.23%,但差异不显著(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组蛋白质消化率极显著提高(P0.01);Ⅳ组脂肪消化率显著提高(P0.05)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,各试验组的食入氮、尿氮和蛋白质生物学价值差异不显著(P0.05);Ⅳ组粪氮显著降低(P0.05),氮沉积和净蛋白质利用率显著提高(P0.05)。4)各组蓝狐体重及总增重差异均不显著(P0.05);平均日增重各组之间差异不显著(P0.05),但以Ⅰ组最低,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别较Ⅰ组提高了7.99%、3.27%、6.19%、7.37%;料重比从低到高顺序依次为Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅰ组,但各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加肝脏香、奶香、甜味剂3种调味剂均提高了蓝狐的干物质采食量和营养物质消化率,提高了饲料的利用率,其中以甜味剂效果最好。

Effects of Feed Flavoring Agents on Feed Intake,Nutrition Digestibility,Nitrogen Metabolism and Growth Performance of Growing Blue Foxes

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of feed flavoring agents including the liver fla-vor, milk flavor, sweetener and bowel flavor on feed intake, nutrition digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of growing male blue foxes.With the single factor designing, fifty health growing male blue foxes weighing approximately were collected and randomly allocated into five groups, each group contai-ning ten replicates, and one fox per replicate.Foxes were fed the same basal powder diet supplemented with 0 ( control group) , 500 mg/kg liver flavor ( group Ⅱ) , 500 mg/kg milk flavor ( group Ⅲ) , 120 mg/kg sweetener ( group Ⅳ) and 500 mg/kg ( group Ⅴ) bowel flavor, respectively.The experiment lasted 52 d. The experimental results showed as follows:1) compared with the group Ⅰ, the dry matter intake in groupsⅡ and Ⅳwere extremely significantly increased ( P<0.01) , and the dry matter intake in groupⅢwas signifi-cantly increased ( P<0.05) .2) Compared with the group Ⅰ, dry matter output in group Ⅳ was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , dry matter digestibility in groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤwere increased by 4.34%, 9.07%, 9.40%, 5.23%, respectively, but the difference was not significant ( P>0.05) .Group Ⅳ showed a signifi-cantly higher fat digestibility ( P<0.05) .GroupsⅢⅣandⅤshowed a significantly higher protein digestibility ( P<0.01) .3) In the aspect of nitrogen metabolism, nitrogen intake, urine nitrogen and the protein biological value in experimental groups were no significant differences compared with the group Ⅰ ( P>0.05); signifi-cantly lower fecal nitrogen and significantly higher nitrogen deposition and net protein utilization were observed in the group Ⅳ ( P<0.05) .4) Body weight, the total weight gain and average daily gain were no significant difference among all groups ( P>0.05) .Average daily gain in groupⅠwas the lowest, and that in groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand Ⅴwere higher 7.99%, 3.27%, 6.19%, 7.37%, respectively.Ratio of feed to gain from low to high were groupsⅣ, Ⅲ, Ⅱ,Ⅴ and Ⅰ, respectively, but the difference were not significant ( P>0.05) .In conclusion, in this experiment conditions, the feeding flavoring agents of liver flavor, milk flavor sweetener can increase the dry matter intake and nutrition digestibility, and improve the feed utilization of growing blue foxes.The effect of sweetener is the best.