奶牛乳腺免疫细胞防御机理研究进展

奶牛乳腺中的初级吞噬细胞、嗜中性粒细胞(PMN)和巨噬细胞构成了抵御病原体入侵的第1道防线。在健康奶牛的乳腺中,巨噬细胞占主导地位且充当哨兵的角色。当病原体侵入乳腺时,巨噬细胞及乳腺上皮细胞就会释放出直接将PMN迁移到该区域的趋化剂,使PMN从循环中迅速流入并吞噬和杀灭细菌,起到保护的作用。抵御病原体入侵的第2道防线是由记忆细胞和免疫球蛋白组成的网络,它们与第1道防线相互作用。随着分子生物学技术的发展,更好地了解炎症反应的调节机制可为研究和调节宿主与病原体的相互作用提供理论基础,因此本文就奶牛乳腺免疫细胞防御机理的研究进展进行了综述。

Research Progress on Immune Cell Defense Mechanism of Dairy Cow Mammary Gland

Primary phagocytic cells,polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN)and macrophages in the mammary gland of dairy cows constitute the first line of defense against invading pathogens.In the mammary glands of healthy dairy cows,macrophages dominate and act as sentinels.When a pathogen invades the mammary gland,macrophages and mammary epithelial cells release a chemotactic agent that directly transports PMN to the region;it allows PMN to rapidly flow from the circulation and phagocytose and kill bacteria,thereby protecting.The second line of defense against infection is a network of memory cells and immunoglobulins that interact with the first line of defense.With the development of molecular biology technology,a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism of inflammatory response provides a theoretical basis for studying and regulating the interaction between host and pathogen.Therefore,the research progress on immune cell defense mechanism of dairy cow mammary gland was reviewed in this article.