维生素K_3对五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及养分表观利用率的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中维生素K3添加水平对五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能及养分表观利用率的影响。试验分为2个阶段。1~4周龄阶段,选用1日龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复10只鹅。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮(维生素K3含量1.23 mg/kg),Ⅱ~Ⅵ组在基础饲粮中分别添加1、2、4、8、16 mg/kg的维生素K3。5~16周龄阶段,选用28日龄五龙鹅324只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复9只鹅。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮(维生素K3含量1.18 mg/kg),B~F组在基础饲粮中分别添加2、4、8、16、32 mg/kg的维生素K3。试验期16周。结果表明:1)经回归分析得出,1~4周龄阶段五龙鹅饲粮中添加4.81 mg/kg维生素K3,平均日增重最大;5~16周龄阶段饲粮中添加11.59 mg/kg维生素K3,平均日增重最大。2)与对照组相比,1~4周龄阶段,饲粮中添加4 mg/kg维生素K3能显著或极显著提高鹅的全净膛率和腹脂率(P0.05或P0.01);5~16周龄阶段,饲粮中添加8 mg/kg维生素K3能显著或极显著提高屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率和腿肌率(P0.05或P0.01)。3)与对照组相比,5~16周龄阶段,饲粮中添加8 mg/kg维生素K3能极显著提高钙的表观利用率(P0.01),显著提高干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和磷的表观利用率(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,1~4周龄和5~16周龄五龙鹅饲粮中维生素K3适宜添加水平分别为4.81和11.59 mg/kg。

Effects of Vitamin K3 on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Nutrient Apparent Availability of Wulong Geese

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary vitamin K3 supplemental level on growth performance, slaughter performance and nutrient apparent availability of Wulong geese. The experiment was divided into two stages, one stage was 1 to 4 weeks of age, and another stage was 5 to 16 weeks of age. In 1 to 4 weeks of age stage: three hundred and sixty one-day-old Wulong geese were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate. Geese in the control group ( group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet ( vitamin K3 content: 1. 23 mg/kg) , and geese in the other experimental groups (groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/kg vitamin K3, respectively. In 5 to 16 weeks of age stage: three hundred and twenty four twenty-eight-day-old Wulong geese were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 9 geese in each replicate. Geese in the control group ( group A) were fed a basal diet ( vitamin K3 content:1.18 mg/kg) , and geese in the other experimental groups ( groups B to F) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mg/kg vitamin K3, respectively. The experiment lasted for 16 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) according to the regression analysis, dietary supplemented with 4.81 mg/kg vitamin K3 at 1 to 4 weeks of age, the average daily gain was the highest;dietary supplemented with 11.59 mg/kg vitamin K3 at 5 to 16 weeks of age, the average daily gain was the highest. 2 ) Compared with the control group, in 1 to 4 weeks of age stage, dietary supplemented with 4 mg/kg vitamin K3 significantly increased percentage of half-eviscerated yield and percentage of abdominal fat of geese ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); in 5 to 16 weeks of age stage, dietary supplemented with 8 mg/kg vitamin K3 significantly increased dressing percentage, percentage of half-eviscera-ted yield, percentage of eviscerated yield and percentage of leg muscle (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) Compared with the control group, in 5 to 16 weeks of age stage, dietary supplemented with 8 mg/kg vitamin K3 signifi-cantly increased the calcium apparent availability ( P<0.01) , and significantly increased the apparent availabili-ty of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and phosphorus ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, the appropriate dietary vitamin K3 supplemental levels of Wulong geese at 1 to 4 weeks of age and 5 to 16 weeks of age are 4.81 and 11.59 mg/kg, respective-ly.