发酵文冠果叶替代苜蓿草对肉兔生长性能、免疫功能、肉品质及抗氧化功能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加未发酵文冠果叶(UXSL)或发酵文冠果叶(FXSL)替代苜蓿草,对肉兔生长性能、血液常规参数、免疫功能、肉品质及抗氧化功能的影响。选取40日龄体重(939±12) g]相近、健康的新西兰大白兔144只,随机分成3个组,分别为对照组、UXSL组和FXSL组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只兔(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加15%的UXSL或FXSL替代等量的苜蓿草。正式饲喂42 d后屠宰。结果显示:1)在生长性能方面,与对照组和UXSL组相比,饲粮添加FXSL显著增加了肉兔的末体重(FBW)和平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),而料重比(F/G)则显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在免疫功能方面,FXSL组肉兔的血液白细胞计数、脾脏指数、血清免疫球蛋白(Ig) G和IgA含量比对照组和UXSL组显著提高(P<0.05)。3)在抗氧化功能方面,饲粮中添加FXSL可使血清和肝脏的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05),而血清和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)在肉品质方面,饲粮中添加FXSL可显著提高肉pH24 h(P<0.05),同时可降低24和48 h滴水损失及剪切力(P<0.05)。综上所述,肉兔饲粮中添加15%FXSL替代等量的苜蓿粉能提高肉兔的生长性能,改善肉品质,增强机体免疫及抗氧化功能。

Effects of Dietary Replacement of Alfalfa Meal by Fermented Xanthoceras sorbifolia Leaves on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Meat Quality and Antioxidant Function of Rabbits

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of unfermented Xanthoceras sorbifolia leaves(UXSL)or solid-state fermented Xanthoceras sorbifolia leaves(FXSL)on growth performance,haematological parameters,immune function,antioxidant function and meat quality of rabbits. One hundred and fortyfour 40 day old healthy New Zealand white rabbits weighing(939±12)g were selected,and were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 4 replicates each and 6 rabbits in each replicate(half male and half female). They were designated as control group,UXSL group and FXSL group(birds in the UXSL and FXSL groups were fed diets containing 15% UXSL and FXSL in the basal diet to replace the same level of alfalfa,respectively).After the 42 day trial period all the rabbits were slaughtered. The results showed as follows:1)in the term of growth performance,compared with the control group and UXSL group,dietary supplementation of FXSL significantly increased the final body weight(FBW)and average daily weight gain(ADG)of rabbits(P <0.05),while the feed gain ratio(F/G)decreased significantly(P<0.05). 2)In the term of immune function,the white blood cell count,spleen index,serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and IgA contents in the FXSL group were significantly higher than those in the control group and UXSL groups(P<0.05). 4)In the term of antioxidant ability,dietary supplementation with FXSL could significantly increase the serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity(P<0.05),as well as the serum and liver glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities(P<0.05),but decrease the contents of serum and liver malondialdehyde(MDA)of rabbits(P<0.05). 4)In the term of meat quality,dietary supplementation with FXSL could significantly increase pH24 hof meat,and reduce 24 and 48 h drip loss and shear force(P<0.05). In conclusion,adding 15% XSL to the diet can replace the same amount of alfalfa powder,simultaneously,adding 15% FXSL can improve the growth performance,meat quality,and enhance the immune function and antioxidant function of rabbits.Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):1175-1185]