转基因动物研究进展

转基因动物技术是将已知的外源基因导入动物细胞并整合到基因组中,从而使其得以表达的技术。此技术将分子、细胞和个体水平统一起来,标志着基因工程已由离体操作发展到离体与载体相结合的新阶段。目前,转基因动物的制作方法主要有反转录病毒感染法、显微注射法、胚胎干细胞法和精子载体法等,每种方法都有其优缺点。转基因动物技术主要应用在人类疾病模型、生物反应器、异体器官移植和改良动物品种与性状等方面。同时转基因动物技术也存在一些技术难题和安全性问题,但发展前景被普遍看好。

Progress on Transgenic Animals

Transgenic animal technique means the expression of the exogenous gene in the zooblast that integrates with genome.This technique offers the connection of molecule,cell and individual.It show that genetic engineering arrows a new stage which is from vitro to vivo.The methods of transgenic animal production mainly contain retrovirus infection,microinjection,embryonic stem cell and sperm vector,etc.Every method has its own advantage and disadvantage.Transgenic animal technique has been mainly used in many areas,such as human disease model,bioreactor,xenotransplantation and improving breed variety and character.Otherwise,this technique also has some troubles and security problems,but its exploitation perspectives are promising in such profitable aspects.