抗菌肽的研究进展及应用前景

天然抗菌肽是广泛分布在细菌、病毒以及动植物等各种生物体内的一大类具有抑制和/或杀灭病原微生物活性的多肽或小分子蛋白质的总称。由于其具有分子质量小、对热稳定和抗菌谱广等特点,以及不同于抗生素的全新的抗菌机制,在近20多年里,抗菌肽的开发和应用已成为研究的热点,在动植物转基因工程及药物开发领域具有广阔的应用前景。文章就抗菌肽的来源与分布、结构与分类、作用机理,抗菌肽的分子生物学和基因表达调控以及抗菌肽在畜牧兽医领域的应用前景加以论述。

Application and Advance in Antimicrobial Peptides

Natural antimicrobial peptides(AMPs) are a set of peptides and small protein molecules that exist diversely in bacteria,viruses,plants and animals showing activities against pathogenic microorganisms.Since they are stable to heat,have broad antimicrobial spectra and kill pathogens in a special way that varies from that of antibiotics,AMPs have drawn much attention and they are promising in genetic engineering and pharmaceutical applications.This review discusses the origin and distribution,structure,classification,action mechanism,and regulation of gene expression of AMPs,and the application in agriculture and veterinary is also included.