朊病毒研究进展

朊病毒是一种不含核酸的蛋白浸染子,主要引起人和动物的中枢神经疾病。目前,由其引起的朊病毒病在世界多国已有发生,危害严重,经济损失巨大,并对人类的健康构成很大威胁。该病毒蛋白是一种膜糖蛋白,至少有两种基本形式,即PrPc与PrPsc,PrPsc对紫外线及消毒剂有很强的抵抗力;朊蛋白基因是单拷贝基因,高度保守,但在物种间可能存在易感性相关基因。病毒的复制呈指数增长过程,需朊病毒结合因子参与。病毒的致病性在于正常的朊病毒蛋白PrPc转变为PrPsc,PrPsc是发病的直接原因。另外,对其检测和防治目前也有了新的方法及措施。文章就朊病毒概念、蛋白、基因、复制、致病机理及检测与防治作了综述。

The Research Progress of Prion

Prion is a protein-only infectious particle which is devoid of nucleic acids. It mainly causes the diseases of central nervous system in people and animals. At present, prion diseases which can result in economic loss and threaen human health seriously take place in many nations and regions in the world. The prion protein is a membranous glycoproteit which has at least two radical forms , PrPc and PrPsc, and PrPsc strongly resists a gainst ultraviolet rays and chemical factors. The prion-protein genes are single-copied and high conservative,but there might be related munity gene existing between animals. The prion replication is a process of exponential increase, which needs some binding factors of prion help. Pathogenicity of prion lies in normal PrPc transforming into abnormal PrPsc, and PrPsc is the direct reason of leading to the diseases. And some new ways and measures are used to detect and prevent the prion. This review was involved with the conception, protein, replication,pathogenesis, mechanism, detection and prevention of pron.