大肠埃希菌不耐热肠毒素作为黏膜免疫佐剂的研究进展

免疫佐剂是一类通过刺激机体免疫系统而非特异性地增强机体对抗原免疫应答的活性物质,也是近年来研究的热点.免疫佐剂种类众多,利用细菌及其代谢产物作为黏膜免疫佐剂具有很好的发展前景,研究较多的是霍乱毒素(CT)和大肠埃希菌不耐热肠毒素(LT),从研究效果看,LT比CT更为理想.但是LT和CT一样本身具有毒性,这是其作为黏膜佐剂的主要缺点.目前,国内外研究工作者对其突变体做了大量研究,以期找到具有黏膜佐剂活性但低毒或无毒的大肠埃希菌不耐热肠毒素突变体.文章对大肠埃希菌不耐热肠毒素分子及其突变体的研究做一综述.

Advances in E.coli Heat-labile Enterotoxin as A Mucous Immunoadjuvant

Immunoadjuvant is an active material,which can enhance nonspecific immune response to allogenetic antigen by stimulating immune organisms.It has been a subject of intense exploration in recent years.Mucous immune adjuvants,such as Choleratoxin(CT) and E.coli heat-labile enterotoxin(LT) which were produced by bacteria and/or the metabolite,were the most prospective.Much research has been done on the adjuvant function of LT and shows that LT is better than CT as mucous immune adjuvant.However LT is a toxicoid with the same as CT,which is the main disadvantage of LT as immunoadjuvant.Till now,much research has been done on LT's mutants at home and abroad in order to find a less toxic or nontoxic mucous immune adjuvant.The development of LT and it's mutants research were summarized here in order to give researchers a brief review.