Effects of oral administration of Spirulina platensis and probiotics on serum immunity indexes,colonic immune factors,fecal odor,and fecal flora in mice |
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Authors: | Lingyan Zhang Xing Tao Zhang Pingting Jin Hongbo Zhao Xue Liu Qingkai Sheng |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China;2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China;3. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, China;4. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China;5. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China |
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Abstract: | To evaluate the effects of Spirulina platensis and probiotics on growth, immunity indexes, fecal flora, and fecal odor in mice, 40 mice were randomly allotted to four groups, and each was administrated with nothing, S. platensis, probiotics, or both for 28 days, respectively. Then, many indexes were measured. The results showed that S. platensis was more effective (P < 0.001) than probiotics in improving mice's feed conversion ration (FCR). In immunity, probiotics administration increased (P < 0.042) serum IgE, IgM, IFN-γ, colonic AHR, TLR4, and NF-κB protein expression and decreased (P < 0.039) serum IL-1α, IL-21, IL-22, and colonic ARNT gene expression. However, the S. platensis showed weaker effect, which increased (P < 0.025) the serum IgE, IgM, TNF-α, and the colonic AHR and NF-κB protein expression, and decreased (P < 0.01) serum IL-21. Probiotics consumption decreased the fecal odor by decreasing (P < 0.02) fecal Escherichia coli, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and skatole contents, and the S. platensis decreased (P = 0.04) the IAA. These results indicated that oral administration of probiotics, S. platensis, or both of them in mice probably benefited body's immunity and reduced fecal odor. However, their mechanisms were still unclear and need further study. |
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Keywords: | fecal flora fecal odor immune index mice probiotics S   platensis |
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