不同饲养水平对瑶山鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响

文章旨在研究不同饲养水平对瑶山鸡生产性能和胴体特征的影响。试验将400只平均体重一致的1日龄瑶山鸡随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复50只。2组分别饲喂代谢能水平为3155 Kcal/kg、粗蛋白质水平为225 g/kg的高能高蛋白日粮和代谢能水平为2965 Kcal/kg、粗蛋白质水平为195 g/kg的低能低蛋白日粮。试验共开展10 w。同时将240只产蛋高峰期瑶山鸡随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只,饲喂上述日粮4 w,试验结束后收集受精蛋进行孵化。结果:高能高蛋白组种鸡在8和10 w的体重和采食量均显著高于低能低蛋白组(P<0.05),而料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。高能高蛋白组种鸡受精率和孵化率显著高于低能低蛋白组(P<0.05),而残次率、胚胎死亡率和出壳前死亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。1~10 w时高能高蛋白组种鸡体重均显著高于低能低蛋白组(P<0.05),与低能低蛋白组相比,高能高蛋白组屠体重、可食用部分显著升高(P<0.05),腿肌占比显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:中等生长速度的瑶山肉种鸡可以更有效地利用高能量高蛋白(代谢能:3155 Kcal/kg,粗蛋白质:225 g/kg)饲料。

Effects of different feeding levels on performance and carcass characteristics of Yaoshan chicken

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different feeding levels on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens.Four hundred 1-d Yaoshan chickens with the same average weight were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 4 replicates in each group and 50 birds in each replicate.The two groups were fed a highenergy high-protein diet with a metabolic energy level of 3155 Kcal/kg,a crude protein level of 225 g/kg,and a low-energy low-protein diet with a metabolic energy level of 2965 Kcal/kg and a crude protein level of 195 g/kg respectively.The trials run for 10 weeks.At the same time,240 Yaoshan chickens at the peak of egg production were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 30 in each replicate.The above diet was fed for 4 weeks,and fertilized eggs were collected for hatching after the end of the experiment.Results:The weight and feed intake of the high energy and high protein group were significantly higher than those of the low energy and low protein group at 8 and 10 w(P<0.05),and the feed weight ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05).The fertilization rate and hatching rate of high energy and high protein group were significantly higher than those of low energy and low protein group(P<0.05),while the disability rate,embryo mortality and pre-husking mortality were significantly reduced(P<0.05).From 1 to 10 w,the weight of breeding chickens in the high energy and high protein group was significantly higher than that in the low energy and low protein group(P<0.05).Compared with the low energy and low protein group,the slaughter weight and edible parts of the high energy and high protein group were significantly higher(P<0.05),and the proportion of leg muscles was significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The high energy and high protein(metabolic energy:3155 Kcal/kg,crude protein:225 g/kg)feed can be more effectively used by the Yaoshan breeders with medium growth rate.