酒糟和醋糟营养成分差异及其瘤胃降解特性分析

本试验旨在评价酒糟、醋糟等非常规饲料资源的饲用价值，为酒糟醋糟资源应用于肉牛养殖提供数据参考。试验选用山西不同地区酒糟、醋糟试样5个，试样编号分别为白酒糟、啤酒糟、醋糟1、醋糟2、醋糟3，发酵原料分别为白酒糟（高粱）、啤酒糟（大麦+大米）、醋糟1（高粱+大麦）、醋糟2（大麦+玉米）、醋糟3（高粱+玉米）。通过实验室常规方法测定样品常规营养成分以及利用体外产气法和尼龙袋法评价其饲用价值，同时建立体外法与尼龙袋法测定干物质降解率的回归方程。结果表明：5个样品的干物质（DM）含量为23.25% ~ 42.96%，粗蛋白质（CP）含量分别为啤酒糟（31.84%）>白酒糟（14.58%）>醋糟3（14.40%）>醋糟1（12.21%）>醋糟2（8.46%）。醋糟1的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量均为最高，其次为醋糟2、醋糟3，白酒糟NDF含量最低。啤酒糟的72 h产气量（GP72）显著高于白酒糟（P < 0.05）。体外产气法和尼龙袋法测定的酒糟72 h干物质降解率（IVDMD72、DMD72）显著高于醋糟（P < 0.05）。5个试样的IVDMD72与DMD成正相关，随着降解时间增加其相关性逐渐增加。综上，酒糟的CP含量较高（14.58% ~ 31.84%），醋糟NDF、ADF含量相对较高（59.59% ~ 64.91%，38.78% ~ 54.78%）。结合GP、IVDMD及DMD结果，酒糟消化性能优于醋糟。以IVDMD建立估算DMD的回归公式为DMD72=-19.215+1.645IVDMD72（R2=0.912，P < 0.05）|以IVDMD建立估算DM有效降解率（ED）的回归公式为ED=-12.448+1.045IVDMD72（R2=0.929，P < 0.01）。 关键词] 醋糟|酒糟|体外产气法|尼龙袋法

Evaluation on the nutrient composition of distillers' grainsand vinegar grains and its rumen degradation

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the feed value of distillers'grains and vinegar grains resources,and provide data references for the use of distillers'grains and vinegar grains resources in beef cattle breeding.Five samples of distillers'grains and vinegar grains were named white distillers'grains,beer distillers'grains,vinegar grains 1,vinegar grains 2,vinegar grains 3,which collected from different regions of Shanxi.The raw fermentation materials for distillers'grains and vinegar grains were sorghum(white distillers'grains),barley+rice(beer distillers'grains),sorghum+barley(vinegar grains 1),barley+corn(vinegar grains 2),and sorghum+corn(vinegar grains 3).In vitro gas production and nylon bag methods were used to evaluate the degradation characteristics.At the same time,an regression formula for IVDMD and DMD were established.The results showed that:the dry matter of the five samples remained at 23.25%~42.96%and the crued protein(CP)content were beer distillers'grains(31.84%)>white distillers'grains(14.58%)>vinegar grains 3(14.40%)>vinegar grains1(12.21%)>vinegar grains 2(8.46%),respectively.The neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)contents of vinegar grains 1 were the highest,followed by vinegar grains 2 and vinegar grains 3,and the white distillers'grains had the lowest NDF content.In vitro gas production of beer distillers'grains(GP72)was significantly higher than that of white grains(P<0.05).The in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD)of beer distillers'grains and white distillers'grains were significantly higher than that of vinegar grains 1,vinegar grains 2 and vinegar grains 3(P<0.05).The dry matter digestibility(DMD)of beer distillers'grains and white distillers'grains at 72 h were significantly higher than that of vinegar grains(P<0.05).The IVDMD of distillers'grains and vinegar grains was positively correlated with DMD,and the correlation gradually increases with the increase of degradation time.In conclusion that distiller's grains contain higher the content of CP(14.58%~31.84%),and vinegar grains have relatively higher contents of NDF and ADF(59.59%~64.91%,38.78%~54.78%).The digestibility of distillers'grains was better than vinegar grains combining with GP,IVDMD and DMD.The regression formula for DMD and IVDMD:DMD72=-19.215+1.645IVDMD72(R2=0.912,P<0.05);the regression formula for ED and IVDMD:ED=-12.448+1.045IVDMD72(R²=0.929,P<0.01).