玉米花丝多糖的提取制备与抑菌作用研究

本研究以玉米花丝为原料提取多糖。选取花丝类型、花丝和水的比例、温度和时间4个因素,采用L9(34)正交设计,两次重复。结果表明:玉米花丝多糖提取的最佳方法为:采用老花丝,花丝和水比例为1:6,60℃水浴2.5 h,提取率为3.65%。通过浓缩、离心、沉淀等过程,并去除蛋白质、色素等杂质,得到玉米花丝粗多糖。将粗多糖进行甲醇分级纯化,得到4种纯化多糖。再将4种多糖各配制成6种浓度,对活化后的8种细菌和4种真菌进行抑菌试验,测量抑菌圈直径,比较抑菌效果。结果表明:玉米花丝多糖对细菌有明显的抑制作用,对真菌也有一定的抑制作用,抑菌圈直径为11.5 mm。其中,以40%甲醇浓度,4000 r/min和45%甲醇浓度,5000 r/min进行离心分离的多糖对细菌和真菌的抑制效果较好。

Study on the extraction,preparation and bacteriostasis of corn silk polysaccharide

Corn silk is rich in organic acids,polysaccharides,amino acids,mineral elements and other nutrients,and have physiological functions of hypoglycemic,anticancer,immune regulation and so on.In this study,polysaccharide was extracted from corn filament.Four factors,the type of filament,the ratio of filament and water,temperature and time were selected.L9(34)orthogonal design was adopted and repeated twice.The results showed that the best way to extract polysaccharide from corn silk was to use old silk,the ratio of filament and water was 1:6,60℃water bath for 2.5 h,extraction rate was 3.65%.The protein,pigment and other impurities were removed through the process of concentration,centrifugation and precipitation,the crude polysaccharide of corn filament was obtained.Four kinds of purified polysaccharides were obtained by methanol fractionation.Four kinds of polysaccharides were prepared into six concentrations respectively,and 8 kinds of bacteria and 4 kinds of fungi were tested after activation.The diameter of bacteriostatic circle was measured and the bacteriostatic effect was compared.The results showed that corn silk polysaccharide had obvious inhibition on bacteria,fungi and the diameter of bacteriostatic circle was 11.5 mm.Among them,40%methanol concentration,4000 r/min,45%methanol concentration and 5000 r/min of polysaccharide centrifuged had better inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi.