中国黑叶猴圈养种群现状分析

应用种群管理软件SPARKS 1.6及PMX对中国黑叶猴圈养种群的现状进行了统计分析。截至2012年12月31日,黑叶猴谱系记录了574只个体,目前种群存活个体数量为318只,分布在34家动物园或机构中。圈养种群野外捕获个体主要来源于20世纪70-90年代,目前保持稳定状态。圈养出生个体数则一直保持上升状态,是维持黑叶猴圈养种群增长的主要来源,2012年圈养出生数量占种群总数的87.4%。种群周期增长率λ=1.042,性比M：F=1：1.04,目前种群中能够繁殖的个体共1 10只（♂48只,♀62只）,显示为一个增长的种群;黑叶猴国内圈养种群有58个建立者,基因多样性GD=96.67%,平均近亲系数F=0.0207。建议增加各机构之间的合作繁殖,避免小种群的近亲繁殖,保证黑叶猴圈养种群的自我维持和健康发展。

Status of Captive Francois＇ s Leaf Monkey in China

I analysed the captive population of francois＇ s leaf monkey（Presbytis francoisi） in China using population management software SPARKS1.6 and PMX.Until 31 December 2012,the Francois＇ s leaf monkey studbook recorded a total of 574 individuals and at present,a total of 318Francois＇ s leaf monkey were maintained in 34 institutions or zoos in China.Captive populations in China came mainly from wild capture in the 1970s-1990 s,Wild-caught monkeys have adapted to their environments in captivity.Numbers of monkeys born in captivity have increased and this was the main source for maintaining the increase in the captive population.The total number of captiveborn monkeys accounted for 87%of the total population in 2012.The population growth cyde（A）was 1.042,and the ratio of males to females was 1：1.04,only 110 individuals were reproductive at the time of my study（48 males and 62 females）.The captive population of Francois＇ leaf monkey in China had 58 founders,genetic diversity was 96.7%,and the inbreeding index F was0.0207.I recommend increasing cooperation between zoos to encourage cross-breeding and to avoid inbreeding in small populations,thereby guaranteeing the self-sustaining and healthy development of francois＇ leaf monkey＇s captive populations.