山东省菏泽市某规模猪场不同猪群伪狂犬病野毒感染情况调查

为了解规模猪场不同猪群的伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)感染情况及场区病毒载量分布特点,在山东省菏泽市某规模猪场,利用实时荧光定量PCR方法,对该猪场不同孕龄母猪、不同阶段生长猪群,以及各生产阶段场区环境,采集猪鼻拭子和场区环境拭子进行PRV-gE核酸检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果显示:在294份猪鼻拭子中,检出42份PRV-gE核酸阳性,总阳性率为14.28%;母猪群PRV-gE阳性率为17.83%(23/129),且妊娠前后各阶段阳性率呈先上升后下降趋势,中期较高(24.00%),但差异不明显(P>0.05);不同阶段生长猪群的平均PRV-gE阳性率为11.52%(19/165),随日龄增加,阳性率也呈先上升后下降趋势,80~90日龄育肥猪最高(28.13%),与其他生长阶段猪群差异明显(P<0.05);除饲料、水源、上猪台和出猪台外,其他大部分场区环境均检测到PRV-gE核酸阳性;育肥猪群病毒载量最高,为3.6×105拷贝数/mL,其猪舍环境的病毒载量也较高,与其他环境及生长阶段猪群差异均明显(P<0.05)。结果表明,不同猪群包括免疫猪群均可遭受PRV野毒感染,尤其是母猪妊娠中期和猪育肥阶段早期,且大部分场区环境均可被污染。结果提示,规模猪场要加强各种猪群尤其是育肥猪群的伪狂犬病免疫,通过监测来调整和优化免疫程序,同时要加强生物安全,防止病毒传入和扩散。

Investigation on the Infection with Wild Type Pseudorabies Virus in Different Pig Herds in a Farm in Heze City of Shandong Province

In order to identify the infection with pseudorabies virus(PRV)in different pig herds in large-scale farms and the distribution characteristics of viral load,for sows at different gestational ages,growing pigs at different ages and the environment within the production areas in each process in a large-scale farm in Heze City of Shandong Province,pig nose swabs and environment swabs were collected to detect PRV-gE nucleic acids by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,and the results were statistically analyzed as follows:for 294 nasal swabs,42 positive samples were detected with the total positive rate of 14.28%;the positive rate was 17.83%(23/129)in sows,increased firstly and then decreased prior to and after their pregnancy,and remained higher in the second trimester(24.00%),with slightly difference(P>0.05);the average positive rate of PRV-gE nucleic acids was 11.52% (19/165)in growing pigs at different ages,also increased and decreased successively with increasing ages,and washighest in the fattening pigs at 80 to 90 days old(28.13%),which was obviously different from other pigs(P<0.05);positive PRV-gE was detected in the environment in most areas,except feed,water supply,loading and unloadingpig platforms;the viral load of fattening pigs was 3.6×105 copies/mL,which was the maximum,followed by theenvironment in their pens,which were quite different from other environment and pigs at other growing stages (P<0.05).In conclusion,various pigs including vaccinated ones as well as the environment within most production areas couldbe infected with PRV,especially sows in the second trimester and fattening pigs at the early period. Therefore,vaccination against PRV should be strengthened in various pigs especially fattening ones,the vaccination procedureshould be adjusted and optimized under monitoring,meanwhile,the introduction and spreading of PRV should beprevented through strengthening biosecurity.