鸡痘病毒弱毒疫苗株在鸡组织内的分布、消长规律及毒性试验

通过两侧翅内侧皮肤无血管处刺种和滴鼻、点眼等途径给10日龄商品蛋公鸡接种鸡痘病毒（FPV）弱毒疫苗株，利用PCR的方法检测其在鸡体内的分布与消长规律并对其毒性进行了研究。刺种组：接种后6h在刺种部位皮肤即可检测到病毒DNA；接种后1d，皮肤、肺、脑PCR检测阳性；7d，在皮肤、肺、脑，心、脾、肾、法氏囊均可检测到病毒DNA，肝为疑似；10、15d，肝为阳性；21d，脾、法氏囊PCR检测为阴性，肝为疑似；28d，除刺种部位皮肤外所有内脏器官中均未检测到病毒DNA，但刺种部位皮肤一直到接种后35d仍可检测到病毒DNA。而对照组在整个试验期间PCR检测均为阴性。滴鼻点眼组：基本规律与刺种组相同。接种后3h，在肺部即可检测到病毒DNA；6h，在肺和脑部PCR检测成阳性，法氏囊为疑似；1d，在肺、脑、心、脾、肾、法氏囊均可检测到病毒DNA，肝为疑似；21d，肺、肾、法氏囊、脑均为阳性。其中脑一直持续到接种后28d。而对照组在整个试验期间PCR检测均为阴性。毒性试验表明，FPV弱毒疫苗株虽使用安全但通过翅内侧皮肤无血管处大量刺种存在导致全身皮肤感染出痘的危险。

Distribution and Toxicity Test of Fowlpox Virus Vaccine Strain in Chicken

Ten-day-old commercial chickens were inoculated with a attenuated vaccines isolate of FPV by intradermal(i.d.) and intratracheal(i.t.) routes.FPV DNA was detected by PCR in tissues of the chicken.In intradermally infected chicken,the virus DNA was first detected in the skin at the inoculation site at 6 h post-inoculation(p.i.) and in lung and brain on day 1 p.i.Subsequently the virus DNA was recovered from spleen,kidney,and heart.No virus DNA was found since day 28 p.i.except the skin at the inoculation site.But the virus DNA was persisted for 35 days when disappeared from the skin 42 days p.i.The chickens infected by i.t.route showed an almost similar outcome with minor differences as the virus DNA was first demonstrated in the lungs at 3 h p.i.Longterm toxicity tests indicated the generalized cutaneous pock lesions maybe appeared by i.d.These results suggested that FPV vaccine strain was safe,but it still exists some potential dangerous to chickens.